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. 2018 Dec 4;9:1737. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01737

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Copyright © 2018 Loucks, O’Hara and Trayanova.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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The effect of microstructure remodeling on APD₉₀ and EAD emergence. Heatmaps of the average APD₉₀ under sympathetic stimulation for four fixed values of the f_B2AR parameter. The cells range from intact (f_TT = 1.0) to fully de-tubulated (f_TT = 0.0), and PDEs range from present and fully functional (f_PDE = 1.0) to completely absent (f_PDE = 0.0). EAD occurrence and oscillation behavior were also represented.