Table 2.
Device features and implantation characteristics
| Infection (n = 54) | No infection (n = 108) | P‐value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cardiac device | |||
| PPM (DDD) | 15 (27.8%) | 33 (30.6%) | <0.001 |
| PPM (VVI) | 14 (25.9%) | 3 (2.8%) | |
| AICD | 18 (33.3%) | 57 (52.8%) | |
| S‐ICD | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (0.9%) | |
| CRT‐P | 5 (9.3%) | 2 (1.9%) | |
| CRT‐D | 2 (3.7%) | 12 (11.1%) | |
| Number of lead | |||
| 1 | 30 (56.6%) | 57 (52.8%) | 0.871 |
| 2 | 16 (30.2%) | 37 (34.3%) | |
| 3 | 7 (13.2%) | 14 (13.0%) | |
| Type of the last procedure | |||
| Primary implantation | 28 (56.0%) | 60 (56.1%) | 0.030 |
| Generator change | 8 (16.0%) | 27 (25.2%) | |
| Lead revision | 1 (2.0%) | 2 (1.9%) | |
| Generator revision | 5 (10.0%) | 1 (0.9%) | |
| Device upgrade | 0 (0.0%) | 6 (5.6%) | |
| Re‐implantation | 8 (16.0%) | 11 (10.3%) | |
| Duration of operation, hours | 119.5 (87.0‐160.0) | 90.0 (70.0‐128.0) | 0.017 |
| Perioperative antibiotics | |||
| Cefazolin + cephalexin | 23 (82.1%) | 99 (92.5%) | 0.152 |
| Vancomycin + clindamycin | 4 (14.3%) | 7 (6.5%) | |
| Others | 1 (3.6%) | 1 (0.9%) | |
| Duration of antibiotic, days | 7.0 (7.0‐8.5) | 7.0 (7.0‐7.0) | 0.003 |
| Hematoma | 3 (10.0%) | 4 (3.7%) | 0.177 |
| Temporary pacemaker | 3 (10.0%) | 4 (3.7%) | 0.177 |
AICD, automatic implantable cardioverter‐defibrillators; CRT‐D, cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillator; CRT‐P, cardiac resynchronization therapy pacemaker; PPM, permanent pacemaker; S‐ICD, subcutaneous implantable cardioverter‐defibrillators.