Table 2. Summary of cell-scale properties used in the analyses.

Note that L_p and D variations were considered in the sensitivity analysis through variations around the default value. Solute reflection coefficients of cell walls and plasmodesmata were assumed to be null, while those of cell membranes equal 1 by default.

Parameter	Adjective	Value	Units	Sources or Comment
Cell membrane Lp	Default	5.3 × 10−7	m s−1 MPa−1	Estimated from Ehlert et al. (2009) and Bret-Harte and Silk (1994)
Cell primary wall kw	High	7.7 × 10−8	m2 s−1 MPa−1	Steudle and Boyer (1985)
	Low	1.4 × 10−10	m2 s−1 MPa−1	Tyree (1968)
Lignified/suberized cell wall kw,barrier	High	1.0 × 10−11	m2 s−1 MPa−1	Poiseuille law
	Low	Zero	m2 s−1 MPa−1	Ensures water impermeability
Plasmodesmata KPD	High	3.5 × 10−18	m3 s−1 MPa−1	Ginsburg and Ginzburg (1970)
	Low	6.1 × 10−19	m3 s−1 MPa−1	Geometrical average of range from Bret-Harte and Silk (1994)
Apoplastic solute D	Infinite	Infinity	m2 s−1	Ensures solute perfect mixing
	Default	4.0 × 10−11	m2 s−1	Knipfer et al. (2007)