(A) Molecular structures of l-α-phosphatidylcholine;
in the sn-1 and sn-2 positions of the glycerol moiety, the two fatty
acid residues are attached, whereas in the sn-3 position, the polar
head group is connected. (B) A large unilamellar vesicle (LUV) and
the generation of thiyl radicals by reaction of thiol with Cu-TPMA-Phen.
(C) Reaction mechanism for the cis–trans isomerization catalyzed
by thiyl radicals. (D) Trans isomer (elaidate) formation in POPC vesicles
treated with 0.15 mM Cu-TPMA-Phen and different concentrations of
2-mercaptoethanol under aerobic or anaerobic conditions. (E) Trans
isomer (elaidate) formation in POPC vesicles treated with 10 mM concentration
of different thiols, 0.15 mM Cu-TPMA-Phen, and incubated at 37 °C
under aerobic conditions. In the case of 2-mercaptoethanol, after
120 min, another 10 mM thiol was added.