Table 2.

Rab proteins involved in HCV replication.

Rab	Physiological roles	References	Role for HCV	References
Rab1	Vesicular targeting and fusion to the Golgi complex by recruiting the tethering factor p115 and v-SNAREs	Allan et al., 2000 Yang et al., 2016	TBC1D20 that acts as the Rab GAP for Rab1 is a binding partner of NS5A, depletion of Rab1 impairs replication by unclear mechanism Post-TGN transport and release of viral particles	Sklan et al., 2007a Sklan et al., 2007b
Rab5a,b,c	Early endosome fusion, early endosome biogenesis, nuclear envelope disassembly in mitosis	Wandinger-Ness and Zerial, 2014	Association with replicon complex; binding to NS4B, relevance for formation of replicon complexes	Matsuda et al., 2014 Farquhar et al., 2012
Rab7a	Endosome maturation; dynein dependent transport of MVBs to lysosomes; fusion of MVBs with lysosomes	Rink et al., 2005 van der Kant et al., 2013 Vanlandingham and Ceresa, 2009	Association with replicon complex;, relevance for formation of replicon complexes	Elgner et al., 2016 Bayer et al., 2016 Wozniak et al., 2016
Rab18	LD-associated; promotes growth of LDs, tethering of LDs to cytoplasmic site of ER Involved in ER-Golgi trafficking ER associated; regulates ER dynamics	Xu et al., 2018 Ozeki et al., 2005 Gerondopoulos et al., 2014	GTP-loaded Rab18 binds to NS5A; Silencing impairs HCV replication	Salloum et al., 2013 Dansako et al., 2014
Rab27a	Secretion of cytotoxic granules; exosome secretion by docking of MVB on plasma membrane	Tsuboi and Fukuda, 2006 Ménasché et al., 2008 Ostrowski et al., 2010	Required for viral replication and post-TGN release of viral particles, effect on miR-122 level	Chen et al., 2015