Table 2.
Univariate and multivariate analyses of risk factors for histological venous invasion in the training cohort
| Variables | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | 95% CI | P value | OR | 95% CI | P value | |
| Gender (male/female) | 1.836 | 0.825–4.088 | 0.137 | |||
| Age, years | 1.076 | 1.028–1.125 | 0.002 | 1.046 | 0.983–1.113 | 0.156 |
| ADL (grade I/>grade I) | 1.732 | 0.695–4.316 | 0.238 | |||
| Jaundice (present/absent) | 1.010 | 0.445–2.289 | 0.982 | |||
| Pain (present/absence) | 1.281 | 0.575–2.854 | 0.545 | |||
| Weight loss (present/absent) | 2.625 | 1.095–6.292 | 0.030 | 1.788 | 0.606–5.279 | 0.293 |
| CA19–9, U/mL | 1.000 | 1.000–1.000 | 0.272 | |||
| TB, μmol/L | 0.998 | 0.994–1.002 | 0.242 | |||
| Albumin, g/L | 1.014 | 0.924–1.114 | 0.763 | |||
| Lymph node staging on CT (N1/N0) | 1.216 | 0.549–2.695 | 0.630 | |||
| Tumor size on CT, cm | 1.010 | 0.790–1.293 | 0.934 | |||
| Length of tumor contact on CT, cm | 3.425 | 1.940–6.047 | < 0.001 | 2.067 | 1.070–3.995 | 0.031 |
| Circumferential vein involvement on CT (>180°/90–180/≤ 90°) | 4.443 | 2.297–8.595 | < 0.001 | 2.207 | 1.008–4.832 | 0.048 |
| Venous contour abnormalities on CT | 3.004 | 0.022–4.463 | < 0.001 | 2.121 | 1.368–3.289 | 0.001 |
| Type of vessels involvement on CT (PV/SMV/PV + SMV) | 1.132 | 0.671–1.910 | 0.641 | |||
ADL activities of daily living, CA 19–9 carbohydrate antigen 19–9, TB total bilirubin, PV portal vein, SMV superior mesenteric vein