Table 3. Overview of functional PNs.

PBs	SLs/interaction motifs	Nanostructure (PN)	Application/function	Ref.
Native PB
CCMV, avidin	Electrostatic surface patches	Binary crystals	Bioactive protein crystals	34
Apoferritin	Phthalocyanine	Crystals	Photosensitizer	90
SP1	CdTe quantum dots	Nanowires, nanorods	Light harvesting antenna	91
	Porphyrin-G5 PAMAM	Nanorods	Multienzyme cascade	92
Concanavalin A	Bismannopyranoside, mannose-rhodamine B	Protein crystalline frameworks	Porous protein material	41 and 42
Soybean agglutinin	N-Acetyl-α-galactosamine	Microtubule-like	Mimicry of microtubule	43
Streptavidin	Bis(biotin)–terpyridine	Polymer	Biomineralization	21
Chemically modified PBs
Insulin	Bipyridine	Trimer	Regulation of glucose metabolism	65
Heme catalase	Oligonucleotides	Binary crystals	Cascade protein crystal reactor	74
Streptavidin-PAMAM, p53	Biotin	Dimer	Cytotoxic protein transporter	51
Avidin-HSA-PAMAM, β-galactosidase	Maleimide-biotin, iminobiotin	Trimer	Transporter of enzymatic protein cargo	20
Somatostatin, avidin, C3	Biotin–hydrazone-linker	Branched pentamer	Cancer cell-specific transporter, intracellular release	62
Antibody, avidin, LiDps cage	Biotin–streptavidin	Trimer	Selective uptake into Staphylococcus aureus	19
Her2, anti-CD3 antibodies, avidin	Biotin, Protein A–antibody	Pentamer	T cell-mediated lysis of Her2-positive breast cancer cells	199
Horseradish peroxidase, glucose oxidase	Oligonucleotides	Dimer	Enzymatic cascades	146
Anti-CD33 antibody; CDw238 FAb	3D DNA hexagonal barrel	Multimer in 3D scaffold	Nanorobot for stimulation of cellular processes	158
Genetically modified PBs
CFP, YFP	CB[8]-Phe-Phe-Gly	Dimer	FRET pair	77 and 106
Split luciferase N- and C-terminal fragments	CB[8]-Phe-Phe-Gly	Dimer	Signal transduction with on–off switch	194
Cytochrome cb562	Bis(histidine)-ZnII	Tetramer; 2D protein array	Antimicrobial protein assembly in cells; template for nanoparticles growth	126, 127 and 229
Chaperonin GroEL, lactalalbumin	Spiropyran-MgII	Nanotube	ATP induced release of cargos in HeLa cells	22 and 83
Glutathione-S-transferase	Histidine-NiII	Linear or cyclic polymer	Catalytic elimination of cytotoxic compounds in vitro	84
	CB[8]-Phe-Phe-Gly	Linear or cyclic polymer	Inhibition of lipid peroxidation; nanospring	204 and 205
Hemeproteins	Heme	1D, 2D polymer	Oxygen transport	105
Cel5A, streptavidin	Biotin	Polymer	Biotemplating of artificial cellulosome	228
Streptavidin	Sortase A (G tag); horseradish peroxidase (Y tag)	Twigged polymer	Protein polymer scaffold for immobilization of multprtein	30