Table 3. Descriptive (frequencies or mean, and standard deviation) and bivariate (Chi-square and ANOVA tests) analysis of disabled older adults in Europe aged 75–84 (n = 2,594), according to European regions and independent variables in 2015.
| Total | Northern | Central | Eastern | Southern | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean disability index (0–6 BADL limitations) | 2.3 (1.7) | 2.0 (1.6) | 2.1 (1.5) | 2.4 (1.6) | 2.6 (1.8) | <0.001* |
| Women (%) | 62.0 | 50.0 | 61.3 | 65.1 | 62.1 | 0.002* |
| Lower educational level (%) | 63.2 | 46.2 | 53.2 | 54.7 | 89.6 | <0.001* |
| Rural area (%) | 34.8 | 29.8 | 40.6 | 38.9 | 24.0 | <0.001* |
| Physically inactive (%) | 51.9 | 36.0 | 47.2 | 50.4 | 62.9 | <0.001* |
| Current/former smoker (%) | 31.7 | 57.1 | 35.7 | 27.1 | 26.5 | <0.001* |
| Obesity (%) | 29.1 | 22.8 | 27.2 | 35.2 | 25.3 | <0.001* |
| Fair/poor self-rated health (%) | 85.2 | 72.6 | 75.2 | 93.6 | 89.0 | <0.001* |
| Low quality of life (CASP, %) | 65.9 | 47.1 | 45.9 | 75.6 | 85.1 | <0.001* |
| Depressive symptoms (%) | 59.2 | 44.0 | 51.2 | 64.1 | 68.1 | <0.001* |
| Loneliness (%) | 18.4 | 12.9 | 11.0 | 19.9 | 28.2 | <0.001* |
| ≥ 5 drug types (%) | 63.9 | 65.8 | 60.6 | 61.2 | 70.3 | <0.001* |
| ≥ 2 chronic diseases (%) | 84.8 | 81.7 | 82.1 | 87.4 | 85.4 | 0.014* |
| Low memory score (%) | 75.4 | 70.6 | 66.2 | 75.9 | 89.0 | <0.001* |
| Low numeracy score (%) | 60.4 | 46.2 | 50.4 | 58.0 | 82.4 | <0.001* |
| Hospitalizations (%) | 34.4 | 39.5 | 36.7 | 34.8 | 30.0 | 0.017* |
| Low satisfaction with public insurance (%) | 21.0 | 10.2 | 9.5 | 23.9 | 33.0 | <0.001* |
| Could not visit doctor because of cost (%) | 5.9 | 0 | 1.9 | 4.9 | 13.2 | <0.001* |
| Could not visit doctor because of waiting times (%) | 12.4 | 7.6 | 3.5 | 17.6 | 17.1 | <0.001* |
* Statistically significant (p <0.05)