Figure 1.

Working memory task paradigm. Presentation started with a fixation cross shown over an empty 3 × 2 grid, followed by the appearance of six consonants within the grid for 2 s (encoding), an empty grid for 3 s (maintenance), and finally a probe letter in the grid (retrieval). During the retrieval phase, participants were to respond by button press as to whether the probe letter was present or absent in the original encoding set of six consonants.