Table 1.
Baseline demographic, sexual risk behavior, clinical and contraception characteristics for 1,946 Kenyan female sex workers
| Characteristic | N | BMI Category N(%) or Median(IQR) |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Underweight (n=71) |
Normal (n=878) |
Overweight (n=606) |
Obese (n=391) |
Total (N=1946) |
||
| Demographic | ||||||
| Age | 1946 | 27 (24, 33) | 29 (25,34) | 31 (26,36) | 32 (28,36) | 30 (26,35) |
| Ever married | 1946 | 33 (46.5) | 488 (55.6) | 380 (62.7) | 261 (66.8) | 1162 (59.7) |
| Completed primary school (>8 years) | 1946 | 27 (38.0) | 354 (40.3) | 255 (42.1) | 149 (38.1) | 785 (40.3) |
| Smoker | 1942 | 17 (23.9) | 153 (17.5) | 72 (11.9) | 38 (9.7) | 280 (14.4) |
| Sexual Risk Behavior | ||||||
| Sexual abstinence in last week | 1946 | 12 (16.9) | 108 (12.3) | 72 (11.9) | 51 (13.0) | 243 (12.5) |
| Any condomless sex in last week | 1946 | 14 (19.7) | 267 (30.4) | 190 (31.4) | 123 (31.5) | 594 (30.5) |
| Frequency of sex in last weeka | 1703 | 2 (2,4) | 2 (1,3) | 2 (1,3) | 2 (1,3) | 2 (1, 3) |
| 100% condom use in last weeka | 1703 | 45 (76.3) | 503 (65.3) | 344 (64.4) | 217 (63.8) | 1109 (65.1) |
| Number of sex partners in last weeka | 1703 | 2 (1,3) | 1 (1,3) | 1 (1,2) | 1 (1,2) | 1 (1,2) |
| Vaginal washing in last week | 1944 | |||||
| None | 4 (5.6) | 94 (10.7) | 68 (11.2) | 45 (11.5) | 211 (10.9) | |
| Water only | 23 (32.4) | 220 (25.1) | 140 (23.1) | 93 (23.8) | 476 (24.5) | |
| Soap/Otherb | 44 (62.0) | 563 (64.2) | 397 (65.6) | 253 (64.7) | 1257 (64.7) | |
| Clinical | ||||||
| Vaginal microbiota | 1946 | |||||
| BV (Nugent ≥7) | 22 (31.0) | 294 (33.5) | 185 (30.5) | 124 (31.7) | 625 (32.1) | |
| Intermediate microbiota (Nugent 4–6) | 17 (23.9) | 200 (22.8) | 144 (23.8) | 95 (24.3) | 456 (23.4) | |
| Normal (Nugent 0–3) | 32 (45.1) | 384 (43.7) | 277 (45.7) | 172 (44.0) | 865 (44.5) | |
| HIV-seropositive | 1945 | 28 (39.4) | 370 (42.2) | 268 (44.2) | 147 (37.6) | 813 (41.8) |
| On antiretroviral therapyc | 813 | 12 (42.9) | 215 (58.1) | 152 (56.7) | 84 (57.1) | 463 (57.0) |
| CD4 count (cells/mm3)c,d | 782 | |||||
| <200 | 10 (35.7) | 79 (22.4) | 31 (13.2) | 15 (10.4) | 139 (17.7) | |
| 200–350 | 7 (25.0) | 115 (32.6) | 63 (24.5) | 29 (20.1) | 214 (27.4) | |
| >350 | 11 (39.3) | 150 (45.0) | 160 (62.3) | 100 (69.4) | 430 (55.0) | |
| HSV-2e | 1220 | 22 (46.8) | 341 (63.9) | 273 (73.8) | 220 (81.8) | 856 (70.2) |
| Trichomonas vaginalis | 1946 | 5 (7.0) | 48 (5.5) | 29 (4.8) | 26 (6.7) | 108 (5.6) |
| Neisseria gonorrhoeae | 1940 | 1 (1.5) | 17 (1.9) | 14 (2.3) | 7 (1.8) | 39 (2.0) |
| Chlamydia trachomatis | 223 | 1 (11.1) | 3 (2.9) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.9) | 5 (2.2) |
| Cervicitisf | 1924 | 0 (0.0) | 17 (2.0) | 14 (2.3) | 6 (1.6) | 37 (1.9) |
| Self-report of vaginal itching/burning in last week | 1512 | 6 (9.8) | 125 (18.3) | 72 (15.9) | 43 (13.7) | 246 (16.3) |
| Self-report of vaginal discharge in last week | 1512 | 8 (13.1) | 106 (15.5) | 55 (12.1) | 38 (12.1) | 207 (13.7) |
| Metronidazole prescribed at baseline visit | 1938 | 4 (5.7) | 42 (4.8) | 36 (6.0) | 17 (4.4) | 99 (5.1) |
| Contraception | ||||||
| Method of contraception | 1946 | |||||
| Noneg | 53 (74.7) | 548 (62.4) | 354 (58.4) | 215 (55.0) | 1170 (60.1) | |
| Oral contraceptive pills | 5 (7.0) | 50 (5.7) | 57 (9.4) | 23 (5.9) | 135 (6.9) | |
| Injectable | 10 (14.1) | 204 (23.2) | 157 (25.9) | 108 (27.6) | 479 (24.6) | |
| Intrauterine contraceptive device | 1 (1.4) | 13 (1.5) | 7 (1.2) | 13 (3.3) | 34 (1.8) | |
| Implant | 0 (0.0) | 46 (5.2) | 19 (3.1) | 17 (4.4) | 82 (4.2) | |
| Other | 2 (2.8) | 17 (1.9) | 12 (2.0) | 15 (3.8) | 46 (2.4) | |
Includes only women reporting sex in the last week. N reporting sex in last week by BMI category: Underweight = 59; Normal = 770; Overweight = 534; Obese = 340
Other includes detergent and antiseptics
Includes only HIV-seropositive women
CD4 lymphocyte count was measured after confirming the diagnosis of HIV infection. For some women, this was not confirmed until after the baseline visit for this analysis. As a result, the CD4 data presented here reflect baseline visit values for 224 HIV-seropositive participants and CD4 data from the visit after baseline for 558 HIV-seropositive participants who were diagnosed with HIV infection based on samples collected at their baseline visit. Data on CD4 lymphocyte count were not available at the baseline visit or the subsequent study visit for 31 HIV-seropositive participants.
HSV-2 testing was primarily conducted among HIV seronegative women due to high prevalence of HSV-2 among HIV seropositive women. Of the 102 HIV seropositive women with HSV-2 results at baseline, 100 were positive for HSV-2.
Defined as an average of ≥ 30 polymorphonuclear leukocytes in three high-power microscopic fields on a Gram-stained slide of cervical secretions
Includes condom use