Table 3.

Plasma oleic acid-related risk of cardiovascular-related outcomes and all-cause mortality in MESA participants. Cox regression estimated hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) with adjustments for age, education, BMI, smoking (pack years), hormone replacement therapy, systolic blood pressure, blood pressure medication, lipid lowering medication, total cholesterol, HDL-C, (log) triglycerides, alcohol use, diabetes status, plasma EPA+DHA, and race/ethnicity.

Event outcome	Oleic acid quartile				per SD
	1	2	3	4
All-cause mortality	ref	1.07 (0.88 – 1.30)	1.27 (1.05 – 1.57)  0.01	1.49 (1.23 – 1.81)  <0.001	1.19 (1.11 – 1.27)  <0.001
Incident CVD	ref	1.22 (0.94 – 1.57)	1.38 (1.08 – 1.78)  0.01	1.36 (1.05 – 1.77)  0.02	1.09 (1.00 – 1.19)  0.04
Incident HF	ref	1.23 (0.84 – 1.80)	1.42 (0.97 – 2.08)	1.85 (1.26 – 2.71)  0.002	1.16 (1.03 – 1.32)  0.02

Definitions: BMI=body mass index; HDL-C=high density lipoprotein cholesterol; CVD=cardiovascular disease defined as myocardial infarction, fatal coronary heart disease, resuscitated cardiac arrest, stroke, or stroke death; HF=heart failure; EPA=eicosapentaenoic acid; DHA=docosahexaenoic acid

All-cause mortality (N=6,116; 1073 incident cases)

Incident CVD (N=6,096; 591 incident cases)

Incident HF (N=6,096; 283 incident cases)