Figure 2.

Simulation of tumor treatment using optimal nanoparticle designs. Comparison of MADS-selected points with sample designs selected manually to find the (a) minimizer of TD, and (b) maximizer of TNP, where TD the tumor diameter at the end of the treatment normalized to that at the beginning of the treatment and TNP is the fraction of the injected nanoparticles that accumulate at the tumor. Simulated tumor (c) before treatment, (d) after 36 hours of treatment using the minimizer of TD d* = 190 nm showing a reduction to 68.3% of its initial diameter, (e) after 36 hours of treatment using the maximizers of TNP d* = 147 nm showing a reduction to 69.6% of its initial diameter, and (f) after 36 hours of treatment with nanoparticles of $(d^{\ast }=334nm,{\alpha }^{\ast }=1\times 10m^{-2})$ obtained after expanding x to [d, α], showing a reduction to 50.5% of its initial diameter. Panel dimensions are 2 × 2 mm.