. 2018 Dec 5;9:1744. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01744

Table 1.

Effects of aging and exercise on UPR proteins.

References	UPR proteins
	(↑)	(↓)	(= )
UPR AND AGING
Baehr et al. (2016)			BiP^{S, TA}; CHOP^{S, TA}
Brown et al. (2014)	peIF2α^F	eIF2α^F	mRNA: sXBP1^F; uXBP1^F
Chalil et al. (2015a)	mRNA: ATF4^Os; CHOP^Os; sXBP1^Os
Chalil et al. (2015b)	BiP^EDL; CHOP^G; IRE1^{G, EDL}; peIF2α^{S, EDL} mRNA: ATF4^G; sXBP1^G; uXBP1^G	BiP^TA; mRNA: ATF4^TA; sXBP1^TA; sXBP1/uXBP1^TA	BiP^{G, S}; CHOP^TA; IRE1^{TA, S}; peIF2α^{TA, G} mRNA: sXBP1/uXBP1^{TA, G}
Drummond et al. (2011)			ATF4^VL; peIF2α^VL
Erickson et al. (2006)		BiP^L
Gavilán et al. (2006)	mRNA: CHOP^Hp	BiP^Hp; mRNA: BiP^Hp; PERK^Hp; sXBP1^Hp	mRNA: IRE1^Hp
Ghosh et al. (2015)	ATF6^AT; BiP^AT; CHOP^AT; pIRE1^AT mRNA: BiP^AT; CHOP^AT		mRNA: ATF4^AT
Hussain and Ramaiah (2007)	CHOP^{B, H, K, L, Lg, S}; Gadd34^{B, Lg, L, K, H, Sp}; PERK^{B, H, K, L, Lg, S}	ATF4^{B, H, K, L, Lg, S;} BiP^{B, H, K, L, Lg, S}; eIF2α^{B, Lg, L, K, H, Sp}; peIF2α^{B, Lg, L, K, H, Sp}
Ikeyama et al. (2003)	CHOP^L
Jiao et al. (2012)			mRNA: ATF6^H; BiP^H; IRE1^H; PERK^H; uXBP1^H
Jozsi et al. (2001)	mRNA: ATF4^VL
Li and Holbrook (2004)			CHOP^L; peIF2α^L mRNA: CHOP^L
Mihailidou et al. (2017)		BiP^P; CHOP^P
Naidoo et al. (2008)	CHOP^B; Gadd34^B	BiP^B; peIF2α^B; pPERK^B
Naidoo et al. (2011)	CHOP^B; Gadd34^B; pPERK^B		BiP^B
Naidoo et al. (2014)	CHOP^P; pPERK^P		BiP^P
O'Leary et al. (2013)	CHOP^TA; mRNA: uXBP1^TA		BiP^TA
Ogborn et al. (2014)			mRNA: ATF6^VL; BiP^VL; Gadd34^VL; IRE1^VL; peIF2α^VL; PERK^VL; sXBP1^VL; uXBP1^VL
Rabek et al. (2003)		BiP^L
Sreedhar et al. (2016)	BiP^H; CHOP^H
Takeda et al. (2013)	ATF6^K cleaved; BiP^K		CHOP^K; pPERK^K; sXBP1^K
Tamura et al. (2017)	CHOP^{G, P}; IRE1^{G, P}		CHOP^S; IRE1^S
Torres-González et al. (2012)			mRNA: BiP^Lg; sXBP1/uXBP1^Lg
Wu et al. (2010)	peIF2α^K mRNA: CHOP^K	mRNA: pPERK^K	mRNA: BiP^K
UPR AND EXERCISE
Bozi et al. (2016)		BiP^H	CHOP^H
Cai et al. (2016)		pIRE1/IRE1^Hp(Ob)	BiP^{Hp(C, Ob)}; pIRE1/IRE1^Hp(C); pPERK/PERK^{Hp(C, Ob)}
Chapados and Lavoie (2010)	mRNA: BiP^L(HFD)		ATF6^{L(SD, HFD)}; IRE1^{L(SD, HFD)}; PERK^{L(SD, HFD)}; uXBP1^{L(SD, HFD)}; mRNA: BiP^L(SD); eIF2α^{L(SD, HFD)}
da Luz et al. (2011)		mRNA: peIF2a^{HFD(AT, L)}	pPERK^{AT, L} mRNA: peIF2a^{SD(AT, L)}
Deldicque et al. (2013)	BiP^TA; PERK^{L, S}		BiP^{L, S, P}; IRE1^{S, TA, L, P}; PERK^{P, TA} mRNA: ATF4^{TA, L}; CHOP^{TA, L}; sXBP1^{TA, L}; uXBP1^{TA, L}
Hulmi et al. (2016)			BiP^G; eIF2α^G; IRE1^G; peIF2α^G; PERK^G; sXBP1^G mRNA: eIF2α^G; Gadd34^G; pEIF2α^G
Kang (2015)		BiP^Hp; CHOP^Hp
Khadir et al. (2016)		ATF6^AT; BiP^{AT, PBMCs, Pl}; peIF2α^{AT, PBMCs}; pIRE1^AT mRNA: BiP^PBMCs;	eIF2α^{AT, PBMCs}; IRE1^AT
Kim et al. (2010)	peIF2α^Hp(HFD{HR}); pPERK^{Hp(HR{LFD, HFD})}; sXBP1^{Hp(LFD{LR}, HFD{HR})} mRNA: ATF6^{Hy(LFD{LR, HR}, HFD{LR, HR});}^{Hp(HR{LFD, HFD});Cx(LFD{LR});L(HFD{HR})}; BiP^{Hy(LFD{LR, HR}, HFD{LR, HR});Hp(LFD{HR}}, ^{HFD{LR, HR})}; eIF2α^{Hy(HR{LFD, HFD})};^{Hp(LFD{HR});Cx(HR{LFD, HFD});L(HR{LFD, HFD})}; XBP1^{Hy(HFD{LR, HR});Hp(HR{LFD, HFD})}		ATF6 ^{Hp(LFD{LR, HR}), HFD({LR, HR})}; BiP^{Hp(LFD{LR, HR}, HFD{LR−HR})}; eIF2α^{Hp(LFD{LR, HR}, HFD{LR, HR})}; peIF2α^{Hp(LFD{LR, HR}, HFD{LR})}; PERK^{Hp(LFD{LR, HR}, HFD{LR−HR})}; pPERK^{Hp(LR{LFD, HFD})}; sXBP1^{Hp(HR{LFD, HFD})}; uXBP1^{Hp(LFD{LR, HR}, HFD{LR−HR})} mRNA: ATF6^{Hp(HR{LFD, HFD});Cx(LFD{HR})};^{L(HR{LFD, HFD})}; BiP^{Cx(LFD{LR, HR}, HFD{LR, HR})};^{L(LFD{LR, HR}},^{HFD{LR, HR});Hp(LFD{LR})}; eIF2α^{Hy(LR{LFD, HFD})};^{Hp(LFD{LR}, HFD{LR, HR});Cx(LR{LFD, HFD})};^{L(LR{LFD, HFD})}; XBP1^{Hy(LFD{LR, HR});Hp(LR{LFD, HFD})};^{Cx(LFD{LR, HR}, HFD{LR, HR});L(LFD{LR, HR}, HFD{LR, HR})}
Kim et al. (2014)		BiP^G(HIT); mRNA: ATF4^G(HIT); CHOP^G(HIT)	BiP^G(LIT); CHOP^{G(LIT, HIT)}; PERK^{G(LIT, HIT)} mRNA: ATF4^G(LIT); CHOP^G(LIT)
Memme et al. (2016)	CHOP^{TA(1d, 2d, 3d, 5d, 7d)} mRNA: ATF4^{TA(2d, 3d)}; BiP^{TA(1d, 2d, 3d, 7d)}; CHOP^{TA(1d, 2d, 3d, 7d)}; sXBP1^TA(2d)		BiP^{TA(1d, 2d, 3d, 5d, 7d)} mRNA: ATF4^{TA(1d, 5d, 7d)}; BiP^TA(5d); CHOP^TA(5d); sXBP1^{TA(1d, 3d, 5d, 7d)}
Pereira et al. (2016)	ATF6^EDL(OTRd);BiP^{EDL(OTRd);S(OTR, OTRu)}; peIF2α/eIF2α^{EDL(OTRd), S(OTR, OTRd;OTRu)}; pIRE1^{EDL(OTRd);S(OTRd, OTRu)}; pPERK^{EDL(OTRd, OTRu);S(OTR, OTRd;OTRu)}	ATF6^{S(OTR, OTRd)}; BiP^{EDL(OTRu);S(OTRd)}	ATF6^{EDL(OTR, OTRu);S(OTRu)}; BiP^{EDL(OTR);S(OTRd)}; peIF2α^{EDL(OTR, OTRu)}; pIRE1^{EDL(OTR, OTRu);S(OTR)}; pPERK^EDL(OTR)
Pinto et al. (2017)	ATF6^Hy(OTRd); BiP^{Hy(OTR, OTRd, OTRu)}; peIF2α^Hp(OTR/d); pIRE1^{Hy(OTR, OTRu, OTRu)}; pPERK^{Hy(OTR, OTRd, OTRu)}		ATF6^{Hy(OTR, OTRu)}; peIF2α^{Hy(OTRu, OTR)}
UPR IN EXERCISE AND AGING
Baehr et al. (2016)	BiP^{S(14d), TA(3d);} CHOP^{S, TA(3d−14d)}
Drummond et al. (2008)			peIF2α^VL
Drummond et al. (2011)	peIF2α^VL		ATF4^VL; peIF2α^VL
Jozsi et al. (2001)	mRNA: ATF4^VL
Kang et al. (2013)		ATF6^Hp; BiP^Hp; CHOP^Hp; peIF2α^Hp; pPERK/PERK^Hp; sXBP1^Hp
Ogborn et al. (2014)	BiP^VL; IRE1^VL; PERK^VL mRNA: ATF6^VL; eIF2α^VL; IRE1^VL; sXBP1^VL	pPERK^VL	peIF2α^VL mRNA: ATF4^VL; BiP^VL; CHOP^VL; Gadd34^VL PERK^VL; uXBP1^VL
Um et al. (2008)	BiP^B

AT, adipose tissue; B, brain; C, control; EDL, extensor digitorum longus; d, day; F, flays; G, gastrocnemius; H, heart; HFD, high fat diet; HIT, high intensity training; Hp, hippocampus; HR, high runners; Hy, hypothalamus; K, kidney; L, liver; LFD, low fat diet; Lg, Lung; LIT, low intensity training; LR, low runners; Ob, obese; Os, osteocytes; OTR, overtraining running; OTRd, downhill; OTRu, uphill; P, pancreas; PBMCs, peripheral blood mononuclear cells; Pl, plasma; S, soleus; SD, standard diet; Sp, spleen; TA, tibialis anterioris; VL, vasto lateralis.