Table 2.

Direct costs of specific healthcare services per individual per year in the two treatment groups

Costs	Mean yearly healthcare costs per individual (€)		p value
	Intensive	Conventional
Outpatient services (from 1996)
CVD	92	136	0.087
Not CVD	1177	1211	0.99
Total	1269	1347	0.92
Inpatient admissions services
1993–1995
CVD	1290	2015	0.72
Not CVD	3712	2361	0.29
Total	5003	4375	0.89
From 1996
CVD	1338	2262	0.0048
Not CVD	2957	3509	0.43
Total	4295	5771	0.028
1993–2014
CVD	1331	2213	0.0024
Not CVD	3079	3281	0.63
Total	4410	5494	0.042
Prescription drugs
1993–1995	5071	3410	<0.0001
From 1996	2680	2387	0.0006
Primary healthcare sector (from 1993)	433	514	<0.0001

As not all data from 1993 to 1995 are available, the periods before and after 1996 are reported separately. ‘Outpatient services’ includes any expenses related to consultations and treatment at a hospital that are not an admission. ‘Inpatient admissions services’ includes any expenses related to hospital admissions. ‘Prescription drugs’ includes any expenses related to prescribed medication. ‘Primary healthcare sector’ includes any expenses related to consultations with, or treatments from, a GP or specialised medical professional not employed at a hospital, such as an ophthalmologist