Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the study populationa
| All patients (N = 461) | Patients on LLT (N = 270) | Patients not on LLT (N = 191) | P valueb | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean (SD) years | 64.1 (11.7) | 66.4 (10.5) | 60.8 (12.6) | <0.001 |
| Male | 348 (75.5) | 212 (78.5) | 136 (71.2) | 0.07 |
| Obese c | 149 (32.4) | 100 (37.2) | 49 (25.7) | <0.01 |
| Hypertension | 373 (80.9) | 244 (90.4) | 129 (67.5) | <0.001 |
| Type 2 diabetes mellitus c | 133 (29.0) | 102 (37.9) | 31 (16.3) | <0.001 |
| Oral medication for control of diabetes | 72 (15.6) | 57 (21.1) | 15 (7.9) | 0.54 |
| Sedentary life style c | 94 (24.5) | 49 (21.6) | 45 (28.7) | 0.11 |
| Current smoker | 126 (27.3) | 58 (21.5) | 68 (35.6) | <0.001 |
| Documented CHD c | 256 (56.9) | 214 (80.8) | 42 (22.7) | <0.001 |
| History of MI c | 133 (30.1) | 122 (47.7) | 11 (5.9) | <0.001 |
| History of CRF/CKD | 54 (11.7) | 44 (16.3) | 10 (5.2) | <0.001 |
| Family history of CHD c | 191 (48.0) | 124 (54.9) | 67 (39.0) | <0.01 |
| History of stroke (ischemic or hemorrhagic) c | 26 (5.9) | 21 (8.1) | 5 (2.7) | <0.05 |
| History of peripheral vascular disease c | 39 (8.6) | 32 (12.0) | 7 (3.7) | <0.01 |
| Type of ACS at admission | ||||
| STEMI/LBBB MI | 142 (30.8) | 54 (20.0) | 88 (46.1) | <0.001 |
| NSTEMI | 187 (40.6) | 119 (44.1) | 68 (35.6) | 0.07 |
| Unstable angina | 132 (28.6) | 97 (35.9) | 35 (18.3) | <0.001 |
| Medication use c | ||||
| Beta-blockers | 286 (63.1) | 220 (81.8) | 66 (35.9) | <0.001 |
| Calcium channel blockers | 79 (17.6) | 60 (22.5) | 19 (10.4) | <0.001 |
| Diuretics | 121 (26.7) | 93 (34.6) | 28 (15.2) | <0.001 |
| ACE inhibitors | 210 (46.4) | 162 (60.2) | 48 (26.1) | <0.001 |
| Angiotensin receptor blockers | 77 (17.1) | 51 (19.2) | 26 (14.1) | 0.16 |
| Acetylsalicylic acid | 262 (57.8) | 212 (78.5) | 50 (27.3) | <0.001 |
| Other antiplatelets | 90 (19.5) | 73 (27.0) | 17 (8.9) | <0.001 |
| Clopidogrel | 49 (10.6) | 38 (14.1) | 11 (5.8) | 0.35 |
| Prasugrel | 16 (3.5) | 15 (5.6) | 1 (0.5) | 0.15 |
| Ticagrelor | 23 (5.0) | 18 (6.7) | 5 (2.6) | 0.69 |
| Other | 2 (0.4) | 2 (0.7) | 0 (0.0) | 0.49 |
| Laboratory values | ||||
| Hemoglobin A1c, mean (SD) % | 6.4 ± 1.5 | 6.7 ± 1.4 | 6.1 ± 1.6 | <0.01 |
| Serum glucose, mean (SD) mg/dl | 131.8 ± 46.4 | 133.6 ± 50.2 | 129.5 ± 40.9 | 0.96 |
ACS acute coronary syndrome, ACE angiotensin-converting enzyme, CHD coronary heart disease, CKD chronic kidney disease, CRF chronic renal failure, LBBB left bundle branch block, LLT lipid-lowering therapy, MI myocardial infarction, NSTEMI non-ST elevation myocardial infarction, SD standard deviation, STEMI ST segment elevation myocardial infarction
aData are presented as numbers and percentages unless otherwise indicated
bP values reflect χ2 or Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon tests between values for treated and untreated patients
cValues were calculated based on the number of patients with available data rather than the total study or subgroup population