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. 2018 Dec 5;8:590. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00590

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Copyright © 2018 Zhang, Schönrogge, Eichberg, Wendt, Kumstel, Stenzel, Lindner, Jaster, Krause, Vollmar and Zechner.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Drugs influence the tumor stroma and CAFs influence the sensitivity to drugs. CHC and CHC plus metformin (Met) significantly induced the stromal reaction (collagen I deposition stained in red) when compared to Sham treatment (A–C). While CHC (D), metformin (E), or CHC plus metformin (F) treatment inhibited the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells, the addition of LTC cells (their proliferation was inhibited by pretreatment with MMC) significantly (shown in red) reduced this anti-proliferative effect. ^§P ≤ 0.05, *P ≤ 0.0125. Bar = 50 μm.