Table 2.

Intrahospital Study Outcomes, Plasma Chemistry, and Clinical Outcomes at 30 Days, 90 Days, and 1 Year after Cardiac Surgery: Intention-to-Treat Analysis

	Control (n = 127)	NO (n = 117)	RR or Median Difference (95% CI)	P Value
Primary outcome
AKI within 1 wk	81 (64)	58 (50)	0.78 (0.62 to 0.97)	0.014
AKI stage
I	66 (52)	49 (42)	0.81 (0.61 to 1.06)	0.058
II	8 (6)	4 (3)	0.54 (0.17 to 1.75)	0.153
III	7 (6)	5 (4)	0.78 (0.25 to 2.38)	0.328
Secondary outcomes
RRT	6 (5)	4 (3)	0.72 (0.21 to 2.50)	0.305
Intubation time, h	24.6 (21.8 to 27.5)	24.4 (21.8 to 27.2)	0.3 (−1.42 to 0.8)	0.292
ICU LOS, d	2.8 (1.9 to 3.6)	2.8 (1.9 to 3.7)	0.02 (−0.09 to 0.16)	0.346
Intrahospital LOS, d	10 (8 to 12)	10 (9 to 12)	0 (0 to 1)	0.351
Intrahospital mortality	7 (6)	2 (2)	0.31 (0.07 to 1.46)	0.068
30 d
Stage 3 CKD	29 (24)/120	19 (17)/114	0.69 (0.41 to 1.16)	0.080
>25% loss of eGFR	11 (9)/120	3 (3)/114	0.29 (0.08 to 1.00)	0.025
MAKE30	19 (15)/127	7 (6)/116	0.40 (0.18 to 0.92)	0.016
90 d
Stage 3 CKD	39 (33)/120	24 (21)/115	0.64 (0.41 to 0.99)	0.024
>25% loss of eGFR	11 (9)/120	2 (2)/115	0.19 (0.04 to 0.84)	0.014
MAKE90	19 (15)/127	7 (6)/117	0.40 (0.17 to 0.92)	0.015
1 yr
Stage 3 CKD	34 (31)/108	19 (18)/103	0.59 (0.36 to 0.96)	0.017
>25% loss of eGFR	7 (6)/108	1 (1)/103	0.15 (0.02 to 1.20)	0.037
MAKE1	16 (14)/116	7 (6)/108	0.47 (0.20 to 1.10)	0.041
Mortality	8 (6)/127	3 (3)/117	0.41 (0.11 to 1.50)	0.088

Definition of abbreviations: AKI = acute kidney injury; CI = confidence interval; CKD = chronic kidney disease; eGFR = estimated glomerular filtration rate; IQR = interquartile range; LOS = length of stay; MAKE30, MAKE90, MAKE1 = major adverse kidney events index at 30 days, 90 days, and 1 year, respectively; NO = nitric oxide; RR = relative risk; RRT = renal replacement therapy.

Data represent n (%), median (IQR), or n (%)/N unless otherwise noted. The P values given are one-sided and based on the sample size calculation.