Table 3. Risk factors of leaving during treatment (LDT)—results from a multi-level logistic regression model.

Risk factor		n	Crude OR	95% CI		Adj OR	95% CI		p value
				Low	Up		Low	Up
Age (10 years increase)		.	0.92	0.92	0.93	0.94	0.93	0.95	< .0001
Gender (Female vs Male)		399,747	0.89	0.87	0.91	0.90	0.88	0.92	< .0001
Citizenship (foreign vs italian)		135,436	1.38	1.34	1.42	1.14	1.10	1.17	< .0001
Residence area	Rome	350,310	1.08	1.02	1.14	1.07	1.01	1.13	0.030
	Rome province	195,705	1.00	0.95	1.06	1.00	0.95	1.06	0.960
	Others province	214,902	1.00			1.00	.	.	.
Previous (5 years) hospitalizations		194,630	0.88	0.86	0.90	0.99	0.97	1.02	0.728
Triage	Yellow	173,294	1.00			1.00	.	.	.
	Green	555,807	1.73	1.68	1.79	1.85	1.79	1.91	< .0001
	White	31,816	4.53	4.32	4.75	4.96	4.72	5.22	< .0001
Number of uncompleted ED visit in the previous year	0	707,684	1.00			1.00	.	.	.
	1	42,155	1.79	1.72	1.86	1.72	1.65	1.79	< .0001
	>1	11,078	4.90	4.65	5.16	4.68	4.44	4.94	< .0001
Mode of arrival (non-assisted arrival vs ambulance)		655,015	1.06	1.03	1.09	0.99	0.95	1.02	0.373
Time band	8:00–16:00	425,974	1.00			1.00	.	.	.
	17:00–24:00	257,455	1.00	0.97	1.02	1.02	0.99	1.04	0.150
	1:00–7:00	77,488	0.91	0.88	0.94	0.89	0.85	0.92	< .0001
Day (Week-end/Holiday vs weekday)		224,462	0.88	0.86	0.90	0.92	0.90	0.94	< .0001
Waiting time (hours)	<1	504,987	1.00			1.00	.	.	.
	1–2	126,566	1.07	1.03	1.11	1.14	1.10	1.18	< .0001
	2–3	57,700	1.18	1.14	1.23	1.33	1.28	1.38	< .0001
	3–4	30,820	1.31	1.25	1.36	1.51	1.45	1.57	< .0001
	4–5	17,487	1.41	1.35	1.48	1.67	1.59	1.75	< .0001
	>5	10,044	1.47	1.42	1.52	1.86	1.79	1.94	< .0001
ED crowding		166,242	1.37	1.34	1.40	1.33	1.30	1.36	< .0001