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. 2018 Nov 1;8(11):2150–2164.

Figure 4.

Figure 4

A. Regulation of PIP expression. 1. Synergistic action of prolactin and 5α-dihydrotestosterone leads to an increased PIP expression by activation of STAT5 and AR transcription factors that bind to the promotor region of the PIP gene. 2. Synergistic action of AR activated by 5α-dihydrotestosterone and Runx2 that bind to the promotor region of the PIP gene leads to increased PIP expression [80,81]. AR-androgen receptor, ARE-androgen response element, DHT-dihydrotestosterone, ErbB2-Her2, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, Jak-Janus-activated kinases, PIP-prolactin-induced protein, PRLR-prolactin receptor, Runx2-Runt-related transcription factor 2, STAT5-signal transducer. B. At the promoter site of PIP gene, regions I, II, III and IV are located -0.9 kb, -2.4 kb, -9.4 kb, and -11 kb from the transcription initiation site [80].