Table 1.
Baseline characteristics for propensity score matched apixaban and warfarin patients .
| Warfarin Cohort (N=38,470) | Apixaban Cohort (N=38,470) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N/Mean | %/SD | N/Mean | %/SD | |
| Age (years) | 70.9 | 11.9 | 70.9 | 12.0 |
| 18–54 | 3,304 | 8.6 % | 3,203 | 8.3 % |
| 55–64 | 8,942 | 23.2 % | 8,962 | 23.3 % |
| 65–74 | 10,660 | 27.7 % | 10,665 | 27.7 % |
| >75 | 15,564 | 40.5 % | 15,640 | 40.7 % |
| Gender | ||||
| Male | 23,015 | 59.8 % | 22,946 | 59.7 % |
| Female | 15,455 | 40.2 % | 15,524 | 40.4 % |
| US Geographic Region | ||||
| Northeast | 5,911 | 15.4 % | 5,949 | 15.5 % |
| Midwest | 10,264 | 26.7 % | 10,337 | 26.9 % |
| South | 16,186 | 42.1 % | 16,146 | 42.0 % |
| West | 5,817 | 15.1 % | 5,739 | 14.9 % |
| Other | 292 | 0.8 % | 299 | 0.8 % |
| Baseline Comorbidity | ||||
| Deyo-Charlson Comorbidity Index Score | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.4 |
| CHADS 2 Score | 2.1 | 1.3 | 2.1 | 1.3 |
| 0 | 3,444 | 9.0 % | 3,637 | 9.5 % |
| 1 | 10,151 | 26.4 % | 10,266 | 26.7 % |
| 2 | 12,542 | 32.6 % | 12,002 | 31.2 % |
| 3+ | 12,333 | 32.1 % | 12,565 | 32.7 % |
| CHA 2 DS 2 -VASc Score | 3.2 | 1.7 | 3.2 | 1.8 |
| 0 | 2,326 | 6.1 % | 2,477 | 6.4 % |
| 1 | 3,959 | 10.3 % | 4,008 | 10.4 % |
| 2 | 6,896 | 17.9 % | 6,911 | 18.0 % |
| 3 | 8,748 | 22.7 % | 8,388 | 21.8 % |
| 4+ | 16,541 | 43.0 % | 16,686 | 43.4 % |
| HAS-BLED Score a | 2.6 | 1.3 | 2.6 | 1.4 |
| 0 | 1,918 | 5.0 % | 1,939 | 5.0 % |
| 1 | 6,101 | 15.9 % | 6,158 | 16.0 % |
| 2 | 11,198 | 29.1 % | 10,950 | 28.5 % |
| 3+ | 19,253 | 50.0 % | 19,423 | 50.5 % |
| Bleeding history | 6,303 | 16.4 % | 6,393 | 16.6 % |
| Congestive heart failure | 9,210 | 23.9 % | 9,320 | 24.2 % |
| Diabetes mellitus | 12,629 | 32.8 % | 12,501 | 32.5 % |
| Hypertension | 31,672 | 82.3 % | 31,752 | 82.5 % |
| Renal disease | 7,660 | 19.9 % | 7,628 | 19.8 % |
| Liver disease | 1,653 | 4.3 % | 1,705 | 4.4 % |
| Myocardial infarction | 3,372 | 8.8 % | 3,424 | 8.9 % |
| Dyspepsia or stomach discomfort | 6,514 | 16.9 % | 6,633 | 17.2 % |
| Non-stroke/SE peripheral vascular disease | 17,269 | 44.9 % | 17,337 | 45.1 % |
| Stroke/SE | 3,812 | 9.9 % | 3,922 | 10.2 % |
| Transient ischaemic attack | 2,360 | 6.1 % | 2,389 | 6.2 % |
| Anaemia and coagulation defects | 7,221 | 18.8 % | 7,141 | 18.6 % |
| Alcoholism | 797 | 2.1 % | 809 | 2.1 % |
| Baseline Medication Use | ||||
| ACE/ARB | 22,727 | 59.1 % | 22,562 | 58.6 % |
| Amiodarone | 4,174 | 10.9 % | 4,221 | 11.0 % |
| Beta blockers | 23,005 | 59.8 % | 23,111 | 60.1 % |
| H2-receptor antagonist | 1,984 | 5.2 % | 1,992 | 5.2 % |
| Proton pump inhibitor | 10,479 | 27.2 % | 10,636 | 27.6 % |
| Statins | 21,891 | 56.9 % | 21,754 | 56.5 % |
| Anti-platelets | 5,995 | 15.6 % | 6,093 | 15.8 % |
| NSAIDs | 8,953 | 23.3 % | 9,045 | 23.5 % |
| Apixaban Dose on Index Date | ||||
| Standard (5 mg) | - | - | 31,926 | 83.0 % |
| Reduced (2.5 mg) | - | - | 6,568 | 17.1 % |
| Follow-up Time (in days) | 199.9 | 193.8 | 179.2 | 163.2 |
| Median | 122.0 | - | 119.0 | - |
| Follow-up Time (in days) Restricted to 1 Year | 165.7 | 117.3 | 158.2 | 114.8 |
| Median | 122.0 | - | 119.0 | - |
SD: standard deviation; SE: systemic embolism; CHADS 2 : congestive heart failure, hypertension, age ≥75 years, diabetes mellitus, prior stroke or transient ischaemic attack or thromboembolism; CHA 2 DS 2 -VASC: congestive heart failure, hypertension, age ≥75 years, diabetes mellitus, prior stroke or transient ischaemic attack or thromboembolism, vascular disease, age 65–74 years, sex category; HAS-BLED: hypertension, abnormal renal and liver function, stroke, bleeding, labile INRs (international normalised ratio), elderly, drugs and alcohol; ACE: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB: angiotensin-receptor blocker; NSAIDs: non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
a as the INR value is not available in the databases, a modified HAS-BLED score was calculated with a range of 0 to 8.