Figure 1.

Binaural hearing microcircuit responsible for temporal coding in the avian auditory system. (A) Schematic coronal section of the chicken auditory brainstem. (B) Schematic representation of the neural circuit (ie, modified Jeffress model) in chickens responsible for sound localization. (C) Schematic illustration of NM’s projections to NL. Note the difference in myelin between the ipsilateral and contralateral projections. Images in (B) and (C) were modified with permission from Sanchez et al., 2018. D indicates dorsal; M, medial; nVIII, auditory nerve; NL, nucleus laminaris; NM, nucleus magnocellularis.