Table 4.

Crude and adjusted prevalence ratios of the association of violence and coercion (threats) with anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, and depression in trafficked females, n = 569

	Unadjusted model		Adjusted Model 1a		Adjusted Model 2b
	PRc	95% CId	PR	95% CI	PR	95% CI
Anxiety
Violence
No violence (reference)	1.0		1.0
Physical violence only	1.31	1.06–1.62**	1.18	0.93–1.49
Sexual violence only	0.90	0.59–1.39	0.94	0.48–1.83
Both physical and sexual violence	1.68	1.37–2.07***	2.08	1.64–2.64***
Receiving threats during trafficking
None (reference)	1.0				1.0
Personal threats	1.93	1.54–2.41***			1.93	1.55–2.42***
Both personal and family threats	2.10	1.58–2.79***			2.11	1.57–2.83***
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
Violence
No violence (reference)	1.0		1.0
Physical violence only	1.32	1.16–1.50***	1.15	0.89–1.48
Sexual violence only	0.80	0.60–1.07	0.84	0.52–1.34
Physical and sexual violence	1.33	1.18–1.51***	1.55	1.37–1.74***
Receiving threats during trafficking
None (reference)	1.0				1.0
Personal threats	1.49	1.16–1.92***			1.44	1.06–1.96*
Both personal and family threats	1.95	1.35–2.82***			1.96	1.32–2.91***
Depression
Violence
No violence (reference)	1.0		1.0
Physical violence only	1.17	0.97–1.40	1.12	0.96–1.32
Sexual violence only	0.96	0.79–1.16	1.02	0.85–1.22
Both physical and sexual violence	1.44	1.23–1.68***	1.57	1.33–1.85***
Receiving threats during trafficking
None (reference)	1.0				1.0
Personal threats	1.46	1.18–1.81***			1.46	1.20–1.78***
Both personal and family threats	1.51	1.21–1.87***			1.42	1.25–1.63***

Models for anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms were run separately but they were adjusted for the same variables

^*p ≤ 0.05

^**p ≤ 0.01

^***p ≤ 0.001

^aAdjusted Model 1 (violence): age, country of exploitation, sector of exploitation, time in trafficking

^bAdjusted Model 2 (coercion or threats): age, country of exploitation, sector of exploitation, time in trafficking

^cPR Prevalence ratio

^d95% Confidence interval