Table 4. Indicators of Food Consumption, Abusive Consumption of Alcoholic Beverages, and Leisure-Time Physical Activity, According to the Presence of Diabetes Mellitus, Vigitel,a Brazil, 2006–2016.
| Indicator | Without Diabetes | With Diabetes | PRc | P Value | PRab | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
% (95% CI) | ||||||
| Total | ||||||
| Food consumption | ||||||
| Fruit and vegetables ≥5 days/week | 34.0 (33.8–34.3) | 40.7 (39.7–41.8) | 1.20 | <.001 | 1.05 | .001 |
| Fruit ≥5 days/week | 57.3 (57.0–57.6) | 68.0 (67.1–69.0) | 1.19 | <.001 | 1.07 | <.001 |
| Vegetables ≥5 days/week | 49.4 (49.1–49.7) | 52.8 (51.8–53.8) | 1.07 | <.001 | 1.02 | .12 |
| Fruit and vegetables, >5 servings/day on ≥5 days/week | 22.1 (21.9–22.4) | 26.9 (25.9–27.8) | 1.21 | <.001 | 1.13 | <.001 |
| Beans ≥5 days/week | 65.8 (65.5–66.0) | 64.8 (63.8–65.7) | 0.99 | .051 | 0.99 | .42 |
| Meats with excess fat | 32.2 (31.9–32.5) | 24.3 (23.3–25.2) | 0.75 | <.001 | 0.95 | .012 |
| Whole fat milk | 55.4 (55.1–55.7) | 44.5 (43.5–45.5) | 0.80 | <.001 | 0.87 | <.001 |
| Soft drinks and sugar-sweetened beverages ≥5 days/week | 25.0 (24.6–25.4) | 9.5 (8.5–10.5) | 0.38 | <.001 | 0.57 | <.001 |
| Abusive consumption of alcoholic beveragesc | 17.9 (17.7–18.1) | 9.0 (8.4–9.6) | 0.50 | <.001 | 0.80 | <.001 |
| Physical activity | ||||||
| Leisure-time physical activityd | 34.6 (34.3–34.9) | 24.0 (23.1–25.0) | 0.69 | <.001 | 0.92 | <.001 |
| Transport-related physical activitye | 13.8 (13.6–14.0) | 8.8 (8.1–9.4) | 0.64 | <.001 | 0.84 | <.001 |
| Men | ||||||
| Food consumption | ||||||
| Fruit and vegetables ≥5 days/week | 27.5 (27.1–27.9) | 35.0 (33.3–36.7) | 1.27 | <.001 | 1.12 | <.001 |
| Fruit ≥5 days/week | 50.9 (50.4–51.3) | 62.0 (60.3–63.6) | 1.22 | <.001 | 1.11 | <.001 |
| Vegetables ≥5 days/week | 43.6 (43.1–44.0) | 48.1 (46.4–49.7) | 1.10 | <.001 | 1.05 | .007 |
| Fruit and vegetables, >5 servings/day on ≥5 days/week | 17.7 (17.3–18.1) | 22.2 (20.7–23.7) | 1.25 | <.001 | 1.17 | <.001 |
| Beans ≥5 days/week | 72.3 (71.9–72.7) | 71.4 (70.0–72.9) | 0.99 | .247 | 1.00 | .94 |
| Meats with excess fat | 42.9 (42.5–43.4) | 34.2 (32.5–36.0) | 0.80 | <.001 | 0.94 | .03 |
| Whole fat milk | 58.0 (57.5–58.5) | 47.3 (45.6–49.1) | 0.82 | <.001 | 0.89 | <.001 |
| Soft drinks and sugar-sweetened beverages ≥5 days/week | 29.3 (28.7–29.9) | 9.8 (8.3–11.4) | 0.34 | <.001 | 0.49 | <.001 |
| Abusive consumption of alcoholic beveragesc | 26.8 (26.4–27.2) | 15.9 (14.7–17.1) | 0.59 | <.001 | 0.86 | <.001 |
| Physical activity | ||||||
| Leisure-time physical activityd | 43.2 (42.6–43.7) | 27.5 (25.9–29.1) | 0.64 | <.001 | 0.90 | .001 |
| Transport-related physical activitye | 14.6 (14.2–14.9) | 9.7 (8.6–10.7) | 0.66 | <.001 | 0.82 | .001 |
| Women | ||||||
| Food consumption | ||||||
| Fruit and vegetables ≥5 days/week | 39.7 (39.3–40.1) | 44.9 (43.5–46.2) | 1.13 | <.001 | 1.01 | .61 |
| Fruit ≥5 days/week | 62.9 (62.5–63.2) | 72.4 (71.2–73.5) | 1.15 | <.001 | 1.04 | <.001 |
| Vegetables ≥5 days/week | 54.4 (54.1–54.8) | 56.2 (55.0–57.5) | 1.03 | .004 | 0.99 | .49 |
| Fruit and vegetables, >5 servings/day on ≥5 days/week | 26.0 (25.6–26.3) | 30.2 (29.0–31.4) | 1.16 | <.001 | 1.11 | <.001 |
| Beans ≥5 days/week | 60.1 (59.7–60.4) | 60.0 (58.7–61.2) | 1.00 | .847 | 0.99 | .27 |
| Meats with excess fat | 22.9 (22.6–23.3) | 17.1 (16.1–18.1) | 0.74 | <.001 | 0.95 | .14 |
| Whole fat milk | 53.1 (52.7–53.5) | 42.5 (41.2–43.7) | 0.80 | <.001 | 0.85 | <.001 |
| Soft drinks and sugar-sweetened beverages ≥5 days/week | 21.3 (20.9–21.8) | 9.2 (7.9–10.5) | 0.43 | <.001 | 0.64 | <.001 |
| Abusive consumption of alcoholic beveragesc | 10.3 (10.0–10.5) | 4.0 (3.5–4.5) | 0.39 | <.001 | 0.68 | <.001 |
| Physical activity | ||||||
| Leisure-time physical activityd | 27.2 (26.8–27.5) | 21.5 (20.4–22.7) | 0.79 | <.001 | 0.96 | .12 |
| Transport-related physical activitye | 13.1 (12.8–13.4) | 8.1 (7.3–8.8) | 0.62 | <.001 | 0.86 | .003 |
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; PRa, adjusted prevalence ratio; PRc, crude prevalence ratio.
a
Surveillance System for Risk and Protection Factors for Chronic Diseases by Telephone Survey.
b
Adjustment variables: age and schooling.
c
≥5 drinks for men and ≥4 for women in a day.
d
≥150 minutes/week of moderate-intensity activity or ≥75 minutes of vigorous activity.
e
≥150 minutes/week of moderate-intensity activity.