Table 3.

Prevalence ratios and 95% confidence intervals for not initiating HIV care within 3 months^a, Florida, 2014–2015

Characteristic	Model 1b (Race/ethnicity only) Crude PR (95% CI)	Model 2b (Individual-level variables but not HIV testing site) Adjusted PR (95% CI)	Model 3b (Individual- level variables and HIV testing site type) Adjusted PR (95% CI)	Model 4b (Individual- and ZCTA-level variables and testing site type) Adjusted PR (95% CI)
Individual-level variables
Race/ethnicity
Non-Hispanic black	1.75 (1.55–1.97)	1.72 (1.52–1.94)	1.66 (1.47–1.88)	1.57 (1.38–1.78)
Hispanic	1.16 (1.00–1.33)	1.24 (1.06–1.44)	1.17 (1.00–1.36)	1.14 (0.98–1.33)
Non-Hispanic white	Referent	Referent	Referent	Referent
Sex at birth
Male		1.44 (1.27–1.64)	1.30 (1.14–1.47)	1.31 (1.15–1.48)
Female		Referent	Referent	Referent
Age group at diagnosis
13–19 years		Referent	Referent	Referent
20–39 years		0.97 (0.82–1.16)	1.01 (0.85–1.20)	1.00 (0.85–1.19)
40–59 years		0.71 (0.59–0.87)	0.80 (0.66–0.97)	0.79 (0.65–0.96)
60 years or older		0.70 (0.55–0.90)	0.87 (0.68–1.11)	0.86 (0.67–1.09)
US- vs. foreign-born
US bornc		1.23 (1.10–1.37)	1.21 (1.09–1.35)	1.21 (1.08–1.34)
Foreign born		Referent	Referent	Referent
Mode of HIV transmission
Heterosexual contact		Referent	Referent	Referent
Male-to-male sexual contact (MSM)		0.68 (0.60–0.77)	0.72 (0.64–0.81)	0.73 (0.65–0.82)
Injection drug use (IDU)d		1.12 (0.93–1.35)	1.14 (0.94–1.38)	1.14 (0.94–1.37)
Other/unknown		1.70 (1.51–1.91)	1.57 (1.40–1.76)	1.58 (1.41–1.77)
AIDS diagnosis within 3 months of HIV diagnosis
Yes		Referent	Referent	Referent
No		38.16 (21.76–66.91)	33.10 (19.00–57.66)	33.05 (18.98–57.54)
Year HIV diagnosed
2014		Referent	Referent	Referent
2015		0.86 (0.79–0.94)	0.87 (0.80–0.95)	0.87 (0.80–0.95)
Type of HIV test site
Outpatient			Referent	Referent
Hospitale			1.04 (0.87–1.23)	1.04 (0.87–1.23)
Case management and counseling and testing site			1.63 (1.45–1.83)	1.62 (1.44–1.81)
Blood bank/plasma center			2.49 (2.23–2.79)	2.45 (2.19–2.74)
Otherf			1.37 (1.17–1.61)	1.36 (1.16–1.60)
ZCTA-level variables
SES index, quartilesg
1 (lowest SES)				Referent
2				0.91 (0.81–1.03)
3				0.88 (0.76–1.02)
4 (highest SES)				0.90 (0.77–1.05)
Non-Hispanic black density (% of total population)
<25%				Referent
25-49%				1.06 (0.93–1.20)
≥50%				1.08 (0.95–1.23)
RUCA classification
Rural				1.20 (0.92–1.56)
Urban				Referent

Abbreviations: AIDS: acquired immune deficiency syndrome; C & T: counseling and testing; HIV: human immunodeficiency virus; RUCA: Rural-Urban Commuting Area; SES: socioeconomic status; US: United States; ZCTA: ZIP code tabulation area.

Note:

^aDid not meet care initiation definition: within 3 months of HIV diagnosis a documented laboratory result (cluster of differentiation4 immune cell [CD4] count or viral load), medical visit, or antiretroviral prescription as ascertained through the Enhanced HIV/AIDS Reporting System, AIDS Drug Assistance Program database, or in the Florida Department of Health HIV services databases.

^bThe Quasilikelihood under the Independence Model Criterion (QIC) was 10,576.77 for model 1; 9,702.52 for model 2, 9,524.39 for model 3 and 9,531.12 for model 4.

^cCategory includes cases born in any of the 50 US states, District of Columbia, or any US dependency.

^dIncludes cases with mode of transmission reported as injection drug use or injection drug use with male-to-male sexual contact.

^eHospital includes any hospital department (e.g. inpatient, emergency department)

^fOther/unknown screening site includes laboratory, drug treatment center, other, and missing.

^gQuartiles of standardized SES scores for Florida ZCTAs.