Table 5.
Studies of hippocampus
| Study | Sample size (Con/BD) | Regions of hippocampus | Stain | Parameters measured | Key significant findings in BD |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Benes et al. (1998) [9] | 11/4 | Middle; CA1,2,3,4 | Nissl | Neuronal density, neuronal size, area of subfields | Lower density (−56%) and number (−60%) of non-pyramidal neurons in CA2; size of these neurons reduced (−12%). Pyramidal neurons unaffected. Subfield areas unchanged. |
| Fatemi et al. (2000) [22] | 15/15 | Posterior; various strata and subfields | Nissl, Reelin | Reelin + cell density, area of subfields | Reduced density in DG (−32%) and CA4 (−36%). |
| Webster et al. (2001) [30] | 15/15 | Hilus, pial surface | pGFAP | Frequency of pGFAP + cells | No differences |
| Damazdic et al. (2002) [37] | 11/8 | Anterior | Silver | Neurofibrillary tangles, senile plaques | No differences |
| Gilmore et al. (2002) [38] | 15/15 | Anterior; ependyma | H&E | Discontinuties; nodular gliosis; subventricular rosettes | No differences |
| Zhang and Reynolds (2002) [39] | 15/14 | Middle; DG, CA1,2,3,4 | PV,CR | Neuronal density, neuronal size, area of subfields | Reduced density of PV + neurons in all subfields (−35%). Reduced size of PV + neurons. No differences in CR + neurons, or subfield areas (data not shown). |
| Bielau et al. (2005) [47] | 22/11 | Nissl | Hippocampal volume | Decreased in BD (−9.5%; effect size 0.36). | |
| Bielau et al. (2007) [55] | 19/11 | GAD | Neuronal density | No differences. | |
| Liu et al. (2007) [56] | 14/14 | Anterior; CA1 | Nissl | Neuronal size | Reduced (−12%). |
| Konradi et al. (2011) [73] | 18/14 | Whole; CA1, 2/3,4 | Nissl, PV, SS | Volume of subfields (pyramidal and non-pyramidal strata). Neuronal number and size. | Reduced volume of non-pyramidal strata (−14%). Reduced soma volume (−18%) in CA2/3. Fewer PV + neurons overall, significant in CA1 (−31%) and CA4 (−46%). Fewer SS + neurons overall, significant in CA1 (−43%). |
| Wang et al. (2011) [74] | 16–17/9–13 | Pre- and para-subiculum, subiculum | PV,SS,CB | Neuronal density | Reduced density of SS+ and PV+ neurons in parasubiculum. No change in CB+ neurons. |
| Gos et al. (2013) [80] | 12/6 | Posterior | GFAP | Cell density (stratum pyramidale and alveus) | No differences. |
| Malchow et al. (2015) [88] | 10/8 | Posterior; CA1,2/3,4, subiculum | Nissl | Subfield volumes. Number and density of neurons, oligodendrocytes and astrocytes | No differences in volumes. Neuronal number increased in CA1 (+34%) and subiculum (+36%). Neuronal density increased in CA4 (+19%) and subiculum (+33%). Oligodendrocyte number increased in CA1 (+27%). Astrocytes unaffected. |