Figure 1.

Workflow of exosomes isolated by three different methods from human serum. Human serum was diluted with an equal volume of PBS to reduce the viscosity, followed by the centrifugation to remove cell debris and large extracellular vesicles. Next, exosomes were isolated using multiple cycles of ultracentrifugation (UC method), a commercial qEV SEC 10 mL column (SEC method), and a combination of these two methods, which first uses one cycle of UC, followed by further purification with the qEV SEC column (UC&SEC method).