Table 3.

Childhood trauma and social cognitive function in patients at ultra-high risk of psychosis, patients with first episode of psychosis, patients with established schizophrenia and healthy participants.

Study	Participants (Patients/Healthy participants) N	Gender (Patients/Healthy participants) Male : Female	Age (Patients/Healthy participants) Mean/SD	Stress questionnaire	Cognitive domains and tests	Main findings – CT and cognitive performance
Schalinski et al., 2017	PSY = 168 (SZ = 134) HP = 50	PSY = 112 : 56 HP = 28 : 22	PSY = 27.90 ± 8.40 HP = 26.80 ± 7.90	MACE Scale	•MCCB for speed of processing, attention, working memory, verbal learning, visual learning, reasoning and social cognition	•Negative association between early abuse at age 3 years with general cognitive ability, memory function and executive function in PSY when compared to HC •Negative association between physical neglect at age 11 years with social cognition in PSY
Palmier-Claus et al., 2016	SZ = 20 FEP = 20 UHR = 14 HP = 120	SZ = 13 : 7 FEP = 16 : 4 UHR = 6 : 8 HP = 35 : 85	SZ = 39.6 ± 8.9 FEP = 24.6 ± 5.2 UHR = 22.6 ± 5.2 HP = 20.1 ± 2.5	CTQ (28-item version)	•ToM •Emotion recognition	•No significant effects of CT on ToM or emotion recognition
Garcia et al., 2016	FEP = 79 HP = 58	FEP = 48 : 31 HP = 30 : 28	FEP (M) = 24.4 ± 4.5 FEP (F) = 26.8 ± 5.9 HP (M) = 24.0 ± 4.8 HP (F) = 23.9 ± 4.2	CTQ (28-item version)	•MCCB for speed processing, attention/vigilance, working memory, verbal learning, visual learning, reasoning and problem solving, social cognition	•CT was significantly related to poorer social cognitive performance in female patient with FEP only

Abbreviations: CANTAB, Cambridge Neuropsychological Automated Test Battery; CTQ, Childhood Trauma Questionnaire; CT, Childhood trauma; HP, healthy participants; MACE Scale, Maltreatment and Abuse Chronology of Exposure; NART, National Adult Reading Test.