Table 1.
Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Patients and Controls
| Schizophrenia (n = 33) | Controls (n = 40) | |
|---|---|---|
| Age, mean (SD) | 36.7 (10.1) | 39.3 (10.5) |
| Number of males:females | 22:11 | 27:13 |
| Number of right:left handed | 30:3 | 36:4 |
| Educational level commenceda, mean (SD) | 2.1 (0.6) | 2.3 (0.7) |
| Years of education, mean (SD) | 12.1 (2.6) | 14.4 (3.2) |
| Number of high:middle parental SESb | 11:22 | 13:27 |
| Level of functioning (PSP), mean (SD) | 57.5 (15.7) | 86.1 (5.1) |
| Positive symptoms (SAPS)c, mean (SD) | 4.8 (4.2) | — |
| Negative symptoms (SANS)d, mean (SD) | 8.15 (4.9) | — |
| CPZ equivalent dose in mg, mean (SD) | 809 (687) | — |
Note: CPZ, chlorpromazine; PSP, Personal and Social Performance Scale; SAPS, Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms; SANS, Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms; SES, socioeconomic status.
aEducational level commenced divided into 4 levels: 1: primary school (up to 10 y of education), 2: secondary school/professional training, 3: bachelor program, 4: master program.
bParental SES was divided into 3 levels; however, none of the parents had a low SES.
cSAPS is the total score of the 4 global items. It was not possible to obtain a SAPS score for one of the patients.
dSANS is the total score of the 5 global items.