Table 2.
Means (SDs) and Effect Sizes (Cohen’s d) for Clinical and Cognitive Variables, by Group and Time
| MCT+ | CR | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| T1 | T2 | T3 | T2-T1 (d) | T3-T2 (d) | T1 | T2 | T3 | T2-T1 (d) | T3-T2 (d) | |
| PANSS | ||||||||||
| P1 (delusions) | 4.30 (1.10) | 2.93 (1.30) | 2.63 (1.31) | −1.36 | −0.30 | 3.60 (0.91) | 3.56 (0.92) | 3.32 (1.07) | −0.04 | −0.24 |
| Positive | 17.89 (4.87) | 14.04 (4.27) | 12.70 (3.79) | −0.83 | −0.29 | 16.46 (4.41) | 15.77 (4.94) | 14.81 (4.72) | −0.15 | −0.21 |
| Negative | 13.19 (4.11) | 12.19 (3.81) | 12.15 (3.89) | −0.22 | −0.01 | 14.80 (5.07) | 14.20 (4.75) | 13.96 (4.41) | −0.13 | −0.05 |
| General | 31.81 (7.26) | 27.56 (7.67) | 26.19 (6.12) | −0.57 | −0.18 | 30.69 (7.56) | 28.96 (7.86) | 28.77 (8.03) | −0.23 | −0.03 |
| PSYRATS delusions | 16.08 (3.92) | 11.42 (4.16) | 10.60 (4.12) | −1.16 | −0.20 | 13.65 (4.13) | 13.58 (4.19) | 14.15 (4.86) | −0.02 | 0.14 |
| Clinical insight: SAI | 11.23 (3.99) | 13.85 (3.83) | 13.27 (3.32) | 0.70 | −0.15 | 11.35 (3.46) | 12.42 (3.31) | 11.12 (4.33) | 0.29 | −0.35 |
| Self-reflectiveness: BCIS | 12.81 (4.87) | 14.03 (4.33) | 12.96 (3.93) | 0.28 | −0.25 | 10.31 (3.60) | 11.12 (2.80) | 10.42 (3.94) | 0.19 | −0.16 |
| Self-certainty: BCIS | 6.85 (3.43) | 5.35 (2.50) | 6.08 (2.94) | −0.46 | 0.22 | 6.19 (3.07) | 6.50 (3.10) | 5.35 (3.05) | 0.10 | −0.35 |
| BACS | ||||||||||
| Digit sequencing (working memory) | 17.69 (4.35) | 18.19 (4.56) | 18.57 (4.79) | 0.12 | 0.09 | 16.77 (3.93) | 18.46 (4.20) | 18.04 (4.28) | 0.41 | −0.10 |
| Symbol coding (attention) | 47.08 (11.93) | 48.65 (8.93) | 49.42 (14.34) | 0.14 | −0.07 | 47.19 (10.89) | 47.58 (10.45) | 48.31 (8.70) | 0.03 | 0.06 |
| Token motor task (motor speed) | 70.62 (16.84) | 75.77 (15.39) | 77.31 (11.16) | 0.32 | 0.10 | 64.26 (15.04) | 70.08 (16.60) | 73.15 (12.97) | 0.36 | −0.19 |
| Tower task (problem-solving) | 15.42 (3.81) | 15.35 (4.63) | 15.81 (3.76) | −0.02 | 0.11 | 15.31 (4.31) | 17.92 (3.58) | 17.12 (3.23) | 0.64 | −0.20 |
| Verbal fluency (processing speed) | 47.12 (10.82) | 47.81 (13.20) | 48.38 (11.00) | 0.06 | 0.05 | 41.92 (10.91) | 47.42 (13.90) | 46.46 (12.70) | 0.51 | −0.10 |
| List learning (verbal memory) | 36.04 (11.80) | 36.81 (11.39) | 37.23 (11.97) | 0.08 | 0.04 | 30.73 (6.93) | 36.35 (7.67) | 34.81 (6.48) | 0.59 | −0.12 |
Note: MCT+, Individualized Metacognitive Therapy for psychosis; CR, cognitive remediation control; PANSS, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale; PSYRATS, Psychotic Symptom Rating Scales; SAI, Schedule for Assessment of Insight; BCIS, Beck Cognitive Insight Scale; BACS, Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia; T1, baseline; T2, posttreatment; T3, 6-mo follow-up. Significant interactions were followed up with tests of within-group differences: significant effects are indicated by bold values of d.