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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: Neuropeptides. 2018 Oct 26;72:65–74. doi: 10.1016/j.npep.2018.10.003

Figure 1. Effects of Lateral Ventricular (LV) Pretreatment of the ERα Antagonist 1,3-Bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-methyl-5-[4-(2-piperidinylethoxy)phenol]-1H-pyrazole dihydrochloride (MPP) or ERβ Antagonist 4-[2-phenyl-5,7-bis(trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-3-yl]phenol (PHTPP) on Ventromedial Hypothalamic Nucleus (VMN) Metabolic Neurotransmitter Marker Protein Responses to Insulin-Induced Hypoglycemia (IIH) in Female Versus Male Rats.

Figure 1.

Micropunch-dissected VMN tissue was obtained from groups of estradiol (E) – implanted ovariectomized (OVX) female and testes-intact male rats pretreated by LV administration of MPP, PHTPP, or vehicle prior to sc insulin (INS) injection for Western blot analysis of glutamate decarboxylase65/67 (GAD65/67) [Panel A; female data at left, male data at right], neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) [Panel B; female data at left, male data at right], steroidogenic factor-1 (SF-1) [Panel C; female data at left, male data at right], and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) [Panel D; female data at left, male data at right] expression. Data depict for each sex mean normalized protein optical density (O.D.) values ± S.E.M. for vehicle-pretreated animals injected sc with vehicle-(solid white bars; n=6) or INS (solid gray bars; n=6) or INS-injected rats pretreated with MPP (diagonal-striped gray bars; n=6) or PHTPP (cross-hatched gray bars; n=6). *p<0.05; **p<0.01; **p<0.001.