VMN astrocyte lysates were evaluated by Western blot for ERα [Panel A; female data at left, male data at right], ERβ [Panel B; female data at left, male data at right], and GPER [Panel C; female data at left, male data at right] protein expression in groups of vehicle-pretreated eu-(solid white bars) and hypoglycemic (solid gray bars) animals and MPP-(diagonal-striped bars) or PHTPP (cross-hatched gray bars)-pretreated INS-injected rats. Data depict for each sex mean normalized astrocyte protein O.D. measures ± S.E.M. for each treatment group. *p<0.05; **p<0.01; **p<0.001.