Table 3.
Off-label use of tocilizumab in pediatric patients with non-JIA rheumatic diseases except Takayasu arteritis and JIA-associated uveitis
| Disease | n | Age, years | Efficacy of TCZ | Dose of TCZ | Adverse effect of TCZ | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Juvenile SLE | 1 | 13 | Improved arthritis and inflammatory markers Reduction of GC dose | 400 mg/month | No | [21] |
| Juvenile dermatomyositis | 1 | 12 | Improved arthritis | 8 mg/kg/4 weeks | No | [28] |
| Takayasu arteritis | 12 | 3–16 | Improved symptoms and inflammatory marker Reduction of GC dose No FDG uptake | 8 mg/kg/3–4 weeks | No | [34–38] |
| Juvenile localized scleroderma | 7 | 6–13 | Improved disease activity and inhibition of progression | ≥30 kg: 8 mg/kg < 30 kg: 12 mg/kg every 4 weeks |
No | [47, 48] |
| Autoimmune encephalitis | 3 | 10, 12, 15 | Improved neurological symptoms without recurrence | 8–12 mg/kg/4 weeks | No | [51] |
| Kawasaki’s disease | 4 | 1–8 | Improved symptoms and inflammatory markers | 8 mg/kg once | Giant coronary artery aneurysm (2) | [55] |
| JIA-associated uveitis | 8–38 | Improved visual acuity Reduction of GC dose |
8 mg/kg/4 weeks | Thrombocytopenia (1), pneumonia, thrombocytopenia, and hemolytic anemia (1), viral conjunctivitis and bullous impetigo (1) | [57, 58, 60, 62] | |
| Multicentric Castleman’s disease | 4 | 1–16 | Sustained remission | 8 mg/kg/2 weeks 10 mg/kg three times 8 mg/kg/2 weeks |
Herpes zoster (1) | [64–66] |
| Amyloid A amyloidosis | 3 | 19, 26, 29 | Improved symptoms and inflammatory markers | 8 mg/kg/2–4 weeks | No | [68, 69] |
| Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) | 15 | 7–16 | Improved symptoms and inflammatory markers | 8 mg/kg 1–3 times | No | [72, 73] |
| Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated periodic syndrome (TRAPS) | 1 | 4 | Improved symptoms and inflammatory markers | 8 mg/kg/month | No | [74] |
| H syndrome (PHID) | 4 | 3–19 | Improved symptoms and inflammatory markers | IV: 8 mg/kg SQ: 10.8–12 mg/kg every 2 weeks |
No | [76, 77] |
| Undifferentiated autoinflammatory disease with interstitial pneumonitis | 1 | 15 | Improved symptoms and reduction of ground-glass opacity on CT | 8 mg/kg/month | No | [78] |
JIA juvenile idiopathic arthritis, SLE systemic lupus erythematosus, TCZ tocilizumab, GC glucocorticoids, IV intravenous, SQ subcutaneous, CT computed tomography