Table 1.
Descriptive characteristics of participants and prevalence of intestinal parasites
| Rural settlements | Total | Peri-urban neighbourhood | Total | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lot 47 (n = 101) | Lot 58 (n = 173) | Lot 27 (n = 46) | Rural area (n = 320) | Colonia San Francisco (n = 150) | Rural and peri-urban (n = 470) | |
| Age, mean ± SD | 32.7 ± 21.8 | 21.4 ± 18.1 | 27.4 ± 21.7 | 25.8 ± 20.5 | 8.0 ± 4.0 | 20.0 ± 19.1 |
| Range | 2–86 | 1–72 | 1–83 | 1–83 | 1–15 | 1–83 |
| Gender, n (%) | ||||||
| Female | 42 (41.6) | 83 (48.0) | 26 (56.5) | 151 (47.2) | 83 (55.3) | 234 (50.2) |
| Male | 59 (58.4) | 90 (52.0) | 20 (43.5) | 169 (52.8) | 67 (44.7) | 236 (49.8) |
| Finished elementary school, n (%) | 41 (40.6) | 25 (14.5) | 25 (54.3) | 91 (28.4) | 0 (0) | 91 (19.4) |
| Currently in school, n (%) | 24 (23.8) | 68 (39.3) | 12 (26.1%) | 104 (32.5) | 124 (82.67) | 228 (48.5) |
| Prevalence of protozoans, n (%) [95% CI] | 17 (16.8) [10.8–25.3]a | 14 (8.1) [4.9–13.1]b,c,e | 1 (2.2) [0.4–11.3]f | 32 (10.0) [7.2–13.8] | 23 (15.3) [10.4–22.0]f,h,i,j | 55 (11.7) [9.1–14.9] |
| Entamoeba coli | 3 (3.0) [1.0–8.4] | 7 (4.0) [2.0–8.1] | 0 | 10 (3.1) [1.7–5.7] | 2 (1.3) [0.4–4.7] | 12 (2.6) [1.5–4.4] |
| Blastocystis hominis | 1 (1.0) [0.2–5.4] | 1 (0.58) [0.1–3.2] | 0 | 2 (0.63) [0.17–2.3] | 1 (0.67) [0.1–3.7] | 3 (0.64) [0.22–1.9] |
| Chilomastix mesnili | 5 (5.0) [2.1–11.1] | 0 | 1 (2.2) [0.4–11.3] | 6 (1.9) [0.87–4.0] | 5 (3.3) [1.4–7.6] | 11 (2.3) [1.9–4.1] |
| Giardia lamblia | 8 (7.9) [4.1–14.9] | 6 (3.5) [1.6–7.4] | 1 (2.2) [0.4–11.3] | 15 (4.7) [2.9–7.6] | 19 (12.7) [8.2–18.9] | 34 (7.2) [5.2–9.9] |
| Endolimax nana | 3 (3.0) [1.0–8.4] | 1 (0.58) [0.1–3.2] | 0 | 4 (1.3) [0.49–3.2] | 0 | 4 (0.85) [0.33–2.2] |
| Prevalence of helminth parasites, n (%) [95% CI] | 3 (3.0) [1.0–8.4] | 26 (15.0) [10.5–21.1]c,d,e | 1 (2.2) [0.4–11.3] | 30 (9.4) [6.7–13.1] | 32 (21.3) [15.5–28.6]g,h,i,j | 52 (11.1) [8.5–14.2] |
| Enterobius vermicularis | 1 (1.0) [0.2–5.4] | 9 (5.2) [2.8–9.6] | 1 (2.29 [0.4–11.3] | 11 (3.4) [1.9–6.1] | 16 (10.7) [6.7–16.6] | 27 (5.7) [4.0–8.2] |
| Hookworm | 2 (2.0) [0.5–6.9] | 0 | 0 | 2 (0.63) [0.17–2.3] | 0 | 2 (0.43) [0.12–1.6] |
| Hymenolepis nana | 0 | 21 (12.1) [8.1–17.9] | 0 | 21 (6.6) [4.3–9.8] | 18 (12.0) [7.7–18.2] | 39 (8.3) [6.1–11.1] |
aTwo co-infections G. lambia + C. mesnili and one co-infection C. mesnili + E. coli + E. nana
bOne co-infection B. hominis + E. coli
cOne co-infection E. vermicularis + E. coli
dFour co-infections E. vermicularis + H. nana
eOne co-infection G. lamblia + H. nana
fOne co-infection G. lamblia + C. mesnili
gOne co-infection E. vermicularis + H. nana
hOne co-infection G. lamblia + H. nana
iThree co-infections G. lamblia + C. mesnili + H. nana
jOne co-infection E. vermicularis + H. nana + C. mesnili
Abbreviations: SD standard deviation, CI confidence interval, PSAC preschool-aged children