Table 1.
Characteristics of Participants with Type 2 Diabetes by BMI and Ethnicity
| Asian Indian-CARRS | White-NHANES | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Underweight/Normal Weight | Overweight/Obese | Underweight/Normal Weight | Overweight/Obese | |
| N (%) | 338 (17.1) | 640 (26.7)* | 76 (4.0) | 634 (14.6) * |
| Age (years) | 53.1 ± 11.7 | 48.5 ± 10.6* | 55.5 ± 12.7 | 58.5 ± 11.8 |
| Height (cm) | 158.2 ± 9.1 | 154.7 ± 8.5* | 170.7 ± 8.8 | 169.2 ± 9.6 |
| Waist Circumference (cm) | 82.4 ± 10.3 | 93.4 ± 9.7* | 90.0 ± 7.4 | 114.9 ± 14.0* |
| Fasting Glucose (mmol/L) | 9.5 ± 4.1 | 8.7 ± 3.6* | 7.3 ± 2.6 | 7.9 ± 3.1 |
| 2-hr Glucose (mmol/L) | 15.2 ± 5.6 | 14.6 ± 4.9 | 11.2 ± 4.0 | 12.3.3 ± 3.9 |
| †Fasting Insulin (pmol/L) | 74.5 ± 1.5 | 80.5 ± 1.5* | 59.0 ± 3.9 | 116.9 ± 4.7* |
| †HOMA-P (μIU/ml/mmol/l) | 47.3 ± 27.7 | 51.5 ± 22.1* | 50.8 ± 1.1 | 90.0 ± 1.0* |
| †HOMA-IR (μIU/ml*mmol/l) | 4.0 ± 7.1 | 4.3 ± 6.3 | 2.7 ± 1.4 | 5.6 ± 1.0* |
| †Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 1.9 ± 0.4 | 1.9 ± 0.3 | 1.2 ± 0.1 | 1.6 ± 0.3* |
| HDL (mmol/L) | 1.1 ± 0.3 | 1.0 ± 0.2 | 1.4 ± 21.1 | 1.2 ± 13.2* |
| Systolic Blood Pressure (mmHg) | 132.5 ± 21.8 | 131.6 ± 19.9 | 124.4 ± 23.2 | 127.9 ± 17.6 |
| Diastolic Blood Pressure (mmHg) | 85.2 ± 12.9 | 85.9 ± 11.4 | 69.6 ± 12.4 | 69.7 ± 13.3 |
| Known Diabetes (previously diagnosed) | 77.1% | 68.2%* | 65.8% | 78.1%* |
Data are presented as means ± standard deviation
*
Denotes statistical significance compared to underweight/normal weight, P < 0.05
†
Data are presented as geometric means ± standard deviation