Fig. 1.

Allergy induction protocol used to induce allergic rhinosinusitis in guinea pigs with intranasal (i.n.) ragweed pollen (RWP) administration, progressing toward allergic airway inflammation (AI). Guinea pigs progressed toward allergic rhinosinusitis through initial systemic injections of RWP (intraperitoneal) followed by i.n. application of RWP over a 5-day period. In fluticasone-treated groups, the i.n. application of RWP occurred in the early morning, and the fluticasone treatment was applied i.n. in the late afternoon of each day. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), sinus fluid fill-volume (SFFV), and microcomputed tomography (mCT) measurements were taken subsequently 72 h after the last i.n. RWP administration. #, Number.