Fig. 8.

Expression of markers of plasticity across cortical areas parallels laminar differentiation. A–D: cartoons show systematic changes in laminar structure that can be used to group areas into types of cortex. Shades of gray (top) show types of cortices from the least (black) to the greatest (lightest gray) elaboration of laminar structure. E: expression of factors that limit synaptic plasticity, such as myelin content, parvalbumin (PV) neuron density, and perineuronal net density, is higher in eulaminate than in limbic areas. F: expression of factors that enhance synaptic plasticity, such as calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII), is higher in limbic areas; expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), a marker of activated astrocytes, is also higher in limbic areas than in eulaminate areas. Roman numerals indicate cortical layers. [Adapted from García-Cabezas et al. (2017)].