Table 2.
Age-adjusted baseline characteristics of participants according to the tertiles of extracted dietary patternsa
| Tertiles of extracted dietary patterns | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| T1 | T2 | T3 | P b | |
| Lacto vegetarian dietary pattern | ||||
| Age (years) | 44.6 ± 0.5 | 44.2 ± 0.5 | 41.3 ± 0.5 | 0.001 |
| Men (%) | 56.1 | 51.5 | 44.8 | 0.001 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 28.0 ± 0.2 | 27.6 ± 0.2 | 27.2 ± 0.2 | 0.020 |
| Current smoker (%) | 13.3 | 10.2 | 8.2 | 0.041 |
| Sedentary (%) | 71.5 | 68.2 | 73.8 | 0.212 |
| Diabetes (%) | 8.0 | 6.4 | 3.9 | 0.004 |
| Hypertension (%) | 17.1 | 13.8 | 12.6 | 0.036 |
| Fasting plasma glucose (mg/dl) | 94.4 ± 1.0 | 93.0 ± 1.0 | 92.4 ± 1.0 | 0.328 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dl) | 152.2 ± 3.7 | 149.8 ± 3.7 | 155.3 ± 3.73 | 0.576 |
| eGFR (ml/min/1.73m2) | 73.3 ± 0.34 | 73.7 ± 0.34 | 74.1 ± 0.34 | 0.189 |
| Traditional Iranian dietary pattern | ||||
| Age (years) | 43.5 ± 0.5 | 43.8 ± 0.5 | 42.7 ± 0.5 | 0.290 |
| Men (%) | 52.8 | 53.5 | 46.1 | 0.024 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 27.9 ± 0.2 | 27.6 ± 0.2 | 27.5 ± 0.2 | 0.294 |
| Current smoker (%) | 10.6 | 9.8 | 11.4 | 0.523 |
| Sedentary (%) | 71.5 | 72.4 | 69.7 | 0.717 |
| Diabetes (%) | 5.9 | 6.5 | 5.9 | 0.853 |
| Hypertension (%) | 13.9 | 15.3 | 14.3 | 0.856 |
| Fasting plasma glucose (mg/dl) | 92.3 ± 0.98 | 92.8 ± 0.98 | 94.5 ± 0.99 | 0.329 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dl) | 150.7 ± 3.7 | 150.8 ± 3.7 | 155.8 ± 3.7 | 0.543 |
| eGFR (ml/min/1.73m2) | 73.6 ± 0.34 | 73.4 ± 0.34 | 74.1 ± 0.34 | 0.361 |
| High fat, high sugar dietary pattern | ||||
| Age (years) | 39.7 ± 0.5 | 43.3 ± 0.5 | 47.1 ± 0.5 | 0.001 |
| Men (%) | 42.9 | 50.4 | 59.0 | 0.001 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 27.4 ± 0.2 | 27.4 ± 0.2 | 28.2 ± 0.2 | 0.005 |
| Current smoker (%) | 15.2 | 10.4 | 6.2 | 0.011 |
| Sedentary (%) | 72.0 | 73.3 | 68.3 | 0.197 |
| Diabetes (%) | 3.2 | 5.3 | 9.8 | 0.001 |
| Hypertension (%) | 9.8 | 13.0 | 20.7 | 0.001 |
| Fasting plasma glucose (mg/dl) | 92.7 ± 1.0 | 92.4 ± 0.9 | 94.7 ± 1.0 | 0.217 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dl) | 151.6 ± 3.7 | 153.9 ± 3.7 | 151.6 ± 3.8 | 0.876 |
| eGFR (ml/min/1.73m2) | 73.8 ± 0.3 | 73.9 ± 0.3 | 72.4 ± 0.34 | 0.576 |
aData represented as age-adjusted mean ± SE for continuous variables (except age) or percent for categorical variables
bLinear regression was used for continuous variables and logistic regression for categorical variables