Table 3.
Total costs of low back pain-related direct healthcare costs, intervention costs, days of sickness absence and their costs, and total costs for intervention and total study periods per person in each study group
| Characteristic | Combined (n = 53) | Exercise (n = 57) | Counseling (n = 55) | Control (n = 54) | p-valuea |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intervention period: 0–6 months | |||||
| Total direct healthcare costs: euros (mean; SD) | 43 (159) | 113 (262) | 94 (300) | 64 (160) | 0.76 |
| Intervention costs: euros (mean) | 343 | 293 | 46 | 0 | |
| Sickness absence days: number (mean, range) | 0.13 (0–4) | 0.86 (0–30) | 0.97 (0–16) | 1.56 (0–31) | 0.60 |
| Sickness absence costs: euros (mean; SD) | 48 (244) | 315 (1705) | 363 (1224) | 576 (2020) | 0.60 |
| Total costs: euros (mean, SD) | 434 (375) | 720 (1773) | 502 (1457) | 640 (2046) | < 0.001 |
| Number of missing cases | 14 | 15 | 19 | 13 | |
| Total study period: 0–12 months | |||||
| Total direct costs (healthcare costs): euros (mean; SD) | 73 (194) | 160 (359) | 168 (349) | 212 (570) | 0.28 |
| Intervention costs: euros (mean; SD) | 343 | 293 | 46 | 0 | |
| Sickness absence days: number (mean, range) | 0.15 (0–4) | 4.17 (0–113) | 2.30 (0–16) | 2.29 (0–51) | 0.025 |
| Sickness absence costs: euros (mean; SD) | 55 (261) | 1529 (7069) | 857 (1560) | 846 (3212) | 0.025 |
| Total costs: euros (mean, SD) | 476 (413) | 1992 (7317) | 1074 (1800) | 1062 (3392) | < 0.001 |
| Number of missing cases | 19 | 22 | 28 | 16 | |
aKruskal-Wallis H test