Fig 1. Comparison between the steps of the modified TCA/acetone precipitation, the classical TCA/acetone precipitation, and acetone precipitation methods.

The SDS extraction buffer contained 1% (w/v) SDS, 0.1 M Tris-HCl (pH 6.8), 2 mM EDTA-Na₂, 20 mM DTT, and 2 mM PMSF (added before use). All organic solvents were pre-chilled at -20°Cand contained 5 mM DTT (added before use).