Table 3. Subgroup analysis of adiponectin associations with diabetic nephropathy.
Test of association | Test of heterogeneity | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | SMD | 95% CI | Pa | Pb | I2 (%) | AM | |
T1DM | |||||||
CN v MI | 4 | 1.74 | 0.78, 2.69 | 0.0004 | 10−5 | 97 | R |
CN v MA | 4 | 1.39 | 0.88, 1.89 | 10−5 | 10−5 | 93 | R |
NO v MI | 5 | 1.10 | 0.13, 2.07 | 0.03 | 10−5 | 99 | R |
NO v MA | 5 | 2.26 | 0.97, 3.56 | 0.0006 | 10−5 | 99 | R |
MI v MA | 6 | 0.75 | 0.22,1.29 | 0.006 | 10−5 | 95 | R |
T2DM | |||||||
CN v MI | 2 | -1.44 | -1.85, -1.03 | 10−5 | 0.48 | 0 | F |
CN v MA | 3 | -0.25 | -2.28, 1.78 | 0.81 | 10−5 | 97 | R |
NO v MI | 5 | 0.46 | 0.25, 0.68 | 10−5 | 0.43 | 0 | F |
NO v MA | 5 | 1.40 | 0.93, 1.87 | 10−5 | 0.03 | 62 | R |
MI v MA | 6 | 0.64 | -0.29, 1.57 | 0.18 | 10−5 | 92 | R |
T1DM: Type 1 diabetes mellitus; T2DM: Type 2 diabetes mellitus; CN: control; NO: normoalbuminuria; MI: microalbuminuria; MA: macroalbuminuria; v: versus; n: number of studies; SMD: standardized mean difference; CI: confidence interval; Pa: P-value for association; Pb: P-value for heterogeneity; AM: analysis model; F: fixed-effects, R: random-effects