Table 2. Distribution of urinary metabolites and outdoor environments.
| N | Total (N = 56) |
Boys (N = 35) |
Girls (N = 21) |
P-valuea | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Urinary phthalate metabolites (μg/g-creatinine) |
MEHHP | 156 | 49.6 (35.2–85.7) |
51.1 (36.0–89.8) |
47.6 (34.0–65.8) |
0.297 |
| MEOHP | 156 | 38.4 (27.2–60.6) |
38.6 (28.1–64.8) |
38.2 (26.1–55.7) |
0.426 | |
| MnBP | 156 | 71.8 (45.8–100.5) |
76.3 (46.2–119.6) |
66.0 (45.7–84.5) |
0.123 | |
|
Urinary cotinine (μg/g-creatinine) |
156 | 0.9 (0.2–3.1) |
0.8 (0.1–2.5) |
1.0 (0.2–3.6) |
0.168 | |
| PM10 (μg/m3) | 154 | 47.8 ± 29.6 | 46.0 ± 27.0 | 50.3 ± 32.8 | 0.481 | |
| Temperature (°C) | 156 | 10.1 ± 8.4 | 10.0 ± 7.9 | 10.2 ± 9.1 | 0.905 | |
| Relative humidity (%) | 156 | 61.9 ± 14.0 | 61.8 ± 14.1 | 62.0 ± 13.9 | 0.926 | |
Data are expressed as geometric mean and interquartile range for urinary phthalate metabolites and cotinine levels, and also expressed as mean ± standard deviation for PM10, temperature, and relative humidity.
aTest for differences between boys and girls: Mann-Whitney U test for the differences in MEHHP, MEOHP, MnBP, and cotinine and t-test for outdoor environments; MEHHP, mono-(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate; MEOHP, mono-(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate; MnBP, mono-n-butyl phthalate; PM10, particulate matter with a diameter less than 10 μm.