Table 5.

Hierarchical analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) within and among wild populations of P. harmala. The P values are the probabilities of having a greater variance component than the observed values by chance alone and are based on 1023 random permutations of the data matrix.

Source of variation	ISSR			ITS-RFLP			ITS-SSCP			SSRs
	Variancecomponents	Percentagevariation	P	Variancecomponents	Percentagevariation	P	Variancecomponents	Percentagevariation	P	Variancecomponents	Percentagevariation	P
Among populations	3.009	36.8	***	0.385	48.68	**	0.126	36.58	NS	0.222	18.82	***
Among individuals within populations	5.166	63.19	***	0.052	−6.58	NS	0.052	15.00	NS	−0.833	−70.59	NS
Within individuals				0.458	57.89	**	0.166	48.32	**	−1.179	151.76	NS
Fst	0.368		***	0.486		**	0.365		NS	0.188		***

NS = not significant.

^***P < .0001.

^**P < .005.