Table 3.

Association between influenza vaccine uptake and sickness absence rate adjusted for flu vaccine efficacy, flu deaths in England, type of NHS trust and Overall Engagement Score obtained from the NHS staff survey

	Beta	95% CI	p-value
Influenza vaccine uptake	–0.425	(–0.658 to –0.192)	<0.001
Influenza vaccine efficacy	–0.008	(–0.010 to –0.006)	<0.001
Influenza deaths	0.004	(–0.001 to 0.000)	<0.001
Overall engagement score (NHS staff survey)	–1.039	(–1.399 to –0.679)	<0.001
Intercept	9.004	(7.623 to 10.384)	<0.001

Results correspond to a linear mixed-effects models with a random intercept for NHS trust