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. 2018 Nov 19;19(1):165–176. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9670

Figure 4.

Figure 4.

Influence of BM-MSCs on cytokine production in the co-culture of BM-MSCs and PBMCs. (A) BM-MSCs did not produce IL-2 even with PHA. The co-culture with PBMCs consumed IL-2, and the activated PBMCs lowered IL-2 levels to 9.8±6.6 pg/ml. (B) BM-MSCs and PBMCs are capable of secreting IL-6. With PHA, the IL-6 concentration increased significantly. The synergistic effect of BM-MSCs and PBMCs in producing IL-6 was not marked. (C) With PHA, the IL-10 concentration increased significantly to 562.34±186.78 pg/ml and was improved to 852.64±214.32 by co-culture with BM-MSCs (*P<0.05 vs. PHA-activated PBMCs alone). When PBMCs were activated by PHA, the secretion of (D) TNF-α and (E) IFN-γ was significantly inhibited by BM-MSCs (*P<0.05 and **P<0.01 vs. PHA-activated PBMCs alone;). BM-MSCs, bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells; PBMCs, peripheral blood mononuclear cells; IL, interleukin; PHA, phytohemagglutinin; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α; IFN-γ, interferon-γ.