Table 1.

List of Vibrio parahaemolyticus type III secretion systems effectors

T3SS	T3SS effectors	Activity	References
T3SS1	VopQ	Rapid induction of autophagy leading to debilitated phagocytes engulfment of V. parahaemolyticus during infection	[40,41,42]
	VopS	Actin assembly inhibition	[43]
	VPA0450	Compromises membranes integrity, facilitates cell lysis and participates in cytotoxicity	[8]
	VopR	May play a role in infection by promoting refolding of T3SS effector proteins after their delivery into host cell	[32]
T3SS2	VopA/P (VPA1346)	Suppresses the host innate immune response	[44,45]
	VopL	Actin nucleation, induction of stress fibers and contribute to bacterial uptake into the host cells	[6]
	VopC	Changes in actin cytoskeleton and facilitates bacterial invasion	[46]
	VopT	Cytotoxicity	[47]
	VopV	Enterotoxicity	[36]
	VopZ	Mediates pathological phenotypes during V. parahaemolyticus infection	[48]
	VPA1380	Unknown	[32]

T3SS – Type III secretion systems; Vop – Vibrio outer protein; V. parahaemolyticus – Vibrio parahaemolyticus