|
Author
|
Age
|
Parity
|
Stage of Labor
|
Duration of Labor (hours)
|
Duration of Pregnancy (weeks)
|
Treatment
|
|
Crean et al. 1981 [5]
|
22 y/o
|
1st
|
2nd stage
|
12
|
N/A
|
Oxygen
|
|
Hubbert et al. 1981 [13]
|
17 y/o
|
N/A
|
2nd stage
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
Oxygen, fentanyl, diazepam, & succinycholine
|
|
18 y/o
|
N/A
|
2nd stage
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
Oxygen
|
|
Karson et al. 1984 [14]
|
20 y/o
|
1st
|
1st stage
|
N/A
|
9
|
Pyridoxine 2x daily
|
|
20 y/o
|
1st
|
1st stage
|
N/A
|
42
|
None
|
|
Jensen et al. 1987 [15]
|
24 y/o
|
1st
|
2nd stage
|
10.5
|
41
|
Oxygen
|
|
Ramirez-Rivera et al. 1990 [16]
|
15 y/o
|
1ST
|
2nd stage
|
14
|
N/A
|
Oxygen
|
|
Jayran-Nejad et al. 1993 [17]
|
18 y/o
|
1st
|
2nd stage
|
15.6
|
42
|
Analgesia
|
|
Seidl et al. 1994 [18]
|
23 y/o
|
2nd
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
42
|
None
|
|
Gocmen et al. 1997 [19]
|
17 y/o
|
1st
|
N/A
|
11
|
39
|
Symptomatic management & monitoring
|
|
Shyamsunder et al. 1999 [20]
|
18 y/o
|
2nd
|
2nd stage
|
N/A
|
6
|
None
|
|
Gorbach et al. 1997 [21]
|
21 y/o
|
N/A
|
2nd stage
|
4
|
9
|
IV Fluids, Promethazine
|
|
Raley et al. 1997 [22]
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
41
|
Oxygen
|
|
Dhrampal et al. 2001 [23]
|
36 y/o
|
N/A
|
2nd stage
|
N/A
|
37
|
Oxygen & analgesia
|
|
Sutherland et al. 2002 [24]
|
32 y/o
|
1st
|
2nd stage
|
8
|
N/A
|
None
|
|
22 y/o
|
1st
|
2nd stage
|
13
|
N/A
|
None
|
|
Miguil et al. 2004 [25]
|
19 y/o
|
N/A
|
2nd stage
|
N/A
|
40
|
Oxygen & analgesia
|
|
Balkan et al. 2006 [26]
|
25 y/o
|
1st
|
2nd stage
|
N/A
|
36
|
Oxygen
|
|
Bonin et al. 2006 [10]
|
27 y/o
|
1st
|
2nd stage
|
6
|
38
|
Lorazepam for anxiety; anxiolytics for dyspnea
|
|
North et al. 2006 [27]
|
32 y/o
|
N/A
|
2nd
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
Laxatives
|
|
Yadav et al. 2008 [28]
|
21 y/o
|
1st
|
2nd stage
|
1.3
|
N/A
|
Oxygen & analgesics
|
|
Mahboob et al. 2008 [9]
|
24 y/o
|
N/A
|
2nd stage
|
N/A
|
39
|
Oral antibiotics
|
|
Zapardiel et al. 2009 [29]
|
29 y/o
|
1st
|
4th stage – only time
|
7
|
39
|
Oxygen
|
|
Speksnijder et al. 2010 [30]
|
15 y/o
|
N/A
|
2nd stage
|
N/A
|
28
|
Insulin, fluid, & potassium supplementation
|
|
Beynon et al. 2011 [31]
|
18 y/o
|
1st
|
2nd stage
|
4.3
|
39 + 2
|
Antibiotics & analgesia
|
|
Wozniak et al. 2011 [32]
|
20 y/o
|
N/A
|
2nd stage
|
N/A
|
41
|
Observation
|
|
Shrestha et al. 2011 [33]
|
19 y/o
|
1st
|
2nd stage
|
N/A
|
36
|
None
|
|
Kuruba et al. 2011 [34]
|
32 y/o
|
2nd
|
2nd stage
|
1.5
|
40
|
None
|
|
McGregor et al. 2011 [35]
|
27 y/o
|
1st
|
2nd stage
|
1.5
|
40
|
Oxygen & analgesia
|
|
Khoo et al. 2012 [36]
|
33 y/o
|
1st
|
2nd stage
|
12
|
40
|
Analgesia & best rest
|
|
Kouki et al. 2013 [37]
|
23 y/o
|
1st
|
2nd stage
|
9
|
40
|
Oxygen & analgesics and sedatives
|
|
Cho et al. 2015 [38]
|
28 y/o
|
1ST
|
2nd stage
|
5
|
36
|
Oxygen & analgesics
|
|
Scala et al. 2016 [39]
|
30 y/o
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
N/A
|
40
|
None
|
|
Nagarajan et al. 2017 [40]
|
30 y/o
|
N/A
|
2nd stage
|
N/A
|
41
|
Observation
|
|
Berdai et al. 2017 [41]
|
22 y/o
|
1ST
|
2nd stage
|
2H
|
40
|
Oxygen
|
