. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Dec 15.

Published in final edited form as: Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2018 Jun 28;361:68–80. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2018.06.027

Table 4.

Physicochemical Properties and Grouping of Engineered Nanomaterials

Property	Classification
Soluble	Higher solubility, potential release of toxic ions

Poorly-Soluble, Low Toxicity	Insoluble or poorly soluble, low inherent toxicity, lung inflammation determined by surface area

Poorly-Soluble, High Toxicity	Biopersistent, specific toxicity related to surface reactivity and surface area

High Aspect Ratio	Fibrous particles; lung toxicity related to biopersistence, translocation to pleura, genotoxicity

Adapted from Arts et al., 2014 with permission from Elsevier Ltd. (pending).