Table 4. Analysis of General Characteristics by Subgroup and Clinical Status of Mitochondrial Disease at the Last Visit.

Characteristics	History of West syndrome (n=13)	No history of West syndrome (n=27)	p value
Sex (male:female)	6 (46.2):7 (53.8)	11 (40.7):16 (59.3)	0.746
Birth history
Prematurity (<37 wks)	0 (0)	1 (3.7)	0.675
SGA	1 (7.7)	5 (18.5)	0.351
Prenatal asphyxia	0 (0)	3 (11.1)	0.296
HIE	1 (7.7)	1 (3.7)	0.550
Neonatal seizure	3 (23.1)	0 (0)	0.029
Family history
None	12 (92.3)	23 (85.2)	0.469
Epilepsy	1 (7.7)	2 (7.4)	0.704
Mitochondrial disease	0 (0)	1 (3.7)	0.675
Neurologic disorder	0 (0)	1 (3.7)	0.675
First presenting symptoms
Seizure	10 (76.9)	10 (37)	0.018
Delayed development	3 (23.1)	13 (48.1)	0.130
Ataxia	0 (0)	1 (3.7)	0.675
Hemiparesis	0 (0)	1 (3.7)	0.675
Perinatal asphyxia	0 (0)	1 (3.7)	0.675
LOC	0 (0)	1 (3.7)	0.675
Age of first symptoms (yr)	0.6±0.4	1.6±0.9	0.003
Age of first seizure (yr)	0.9±0.7	3.9±3.1	<0.001
Follow-up duration (yr)
From first symptom to last visit	9.5±3.7	11.7±5.9	0.224
From first seizure to last visit	9.2±3.9	9.6±4.8	0.786
From LGS diagnosis to last visit	7.5±3.4	2.9±4.6	0.806
Organ involvement
Neuromuscular system	13 (100)	27 (100)	-
Gastrointestinal system	5 (38.5)	5 (18.5)	0.165
Respiratory system	2 (15.4)	2 (7.4)	0.392
Cardiologic system	1 (7.7)	1 (3.7)	0.550
Eye	2 (15.4)	0 (0)	0.100
Renal system	1 (7.7)	0 (0)	0.325
Endocrinologic system	1 (7.7)	0 (0)	0.325
Hematologic system	1 (7.7)	0 (0)	0.325
Psy	0 (0)	1 (3.7)	0.325
Clinical severity
Functional state
Mild	0 (0)	5 (18.5)	0.123
Moderate	3 (23.1)	7 (25.9)	0.586
Severe	8 (61.5)	12 (44.4)	0.311
Expire	2 (15.4)	3 (11.1)	0.531
Respiration
Oxygen dependency	0 (0)	1 (3.7)	0.675
Tracheostomy	1 (7.7)	3 (11.1)	0.608
Home ventilator	0 (0)	1 (3.7)	0.675
Enteral feeding
Yes	7 (53.8)	8 (29.6)	0.129
No	6 (46.2)	19 (70.4)	0.129

SGA, small for gestational age (<2500 gm); HIE, hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy; LOC, loss of consciousness; LGS, Lennox-Gastaut syndrome.

Data are given as mean±standard deviation or number (percentage).