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. 2018 Oct 12;27(11):1623–1633. doi: 10.1177/0963689718804130

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© The Author(s) 2018

This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License (http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).

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Fig. 3. — Effects of PDRN on protein levels of VEGF and wound healing. (A) Western blot analysis was performed with anti-VEGF and anti-GAPDH (as a control). (B) The relative protein expression in the IL-1β group and PDRN group compared with the control group by western blot. (C) The area of the wound closure was quantified, and the ratio of wound closure was expressed as a percentage of recovered wound compared with the area at 0 h of each group. All results are expressed as mean ± SEM. *p < 0.05, and ***p < 0.001 vs. The control group. ^#p < 0.05, and ^###p < 0.001 vs. The IL-1β group. (D) Representative data of wound healing experiment. The beginning of the experiment is before treatment with PDRN and indicated as 0 h in the figure. After treatment with PDRN for 24 hours is indicated as 24 h in the figure.

GAPDH: glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; IL: interleukin; PDRN: polydeoxyribonucleotide; SEM: standard error of the mean; VEGF: vascular endothelial growth factor.