Table II.
Summary of key gene alternations in gliomas.
| Histology | Molecular abnormalities | WHO grade |
|---|---|---|
| Oligodendroglioma | IDH-mutant & 1p/19q-codeleted | WHO II |
| Astrocytoma | TERT promoter-wildtype | WHO II |
| (IDH-mutant) | IDH-mutant | |
| Astrocytoma | IDH-wildtype | WHO II |
| (IDH-wildtype) | ||
| Anaplastic astrocytoma | IDH-mutant | WHO III |
| (IDH-mutant) | ||
| Anaplastic astrocytoma | IDH-wildtype | WHO III |
| (IDH-wildtype) | ||
| GBM | TERT promoter-mutant | WHO IV |
| (IDH-wildtype) | IDH-wildtype | |
| GBM (IDH-mutant) | TERT promoter-mutant | WHO IV |
| IDH-mutant | ||
| GBM (F3-T3+) | FGFR3-TACC3 gene fusion | WHO IV |
| Secondary GBM (ZM+) | PTPRZ1-MET gene fusion | WHO IV |
WHO, World Health Organization; GMB, glioblastoma; IDH, isocitrate dehydrogenase; TERT, telomerase reverse transcriptase; FGFR, fibroblast growth factor receptor; TACC, transforming acidic coiled-coil containing protein; PTPRZ1, protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type Z1; MET, MET proto-oncogene, receptor tyrosine kinase; F3-T3, FGFR3-TACC3; ZM, PTPRZ1-MET fusion.